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Questions and Answers
What occurs with complete obstruction of the outflow of bile into the intestine?
What occurs with complete obstruction of the outflow of bile into the intestine?
- Pale stools associated with reduced bilirubin (correct)
- Dark brown urine due to excess bilirubin
- Increased production of mesobilifuscin
- Increased levels of urobilinogen in urine
What effect do broad-spectrum antibiotics have on urobilinogen levels?
What effect do broad-spectrum antibiotics have on urobilinogen levels?
- Have no effect on bilirubin conversion
- Increase the conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen
- Prevent the conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen (correct)
- Enhance the excretion of urobilinogen in urine
Which substance primarily contributes to the color of feces and urine?
Which substance primarily contributes to the color of feces and urine?
- Mesobilifuscin (correct)
- Hemoglobin
- Urobilinogen
- Bilirubin
What can cause dark brown urine in patients?
What can cause dark brown urine in patients?
How does mesobilifuscin react with tests for blood or bilirubin?
How does mesobilifuscin react with tests for blood or bilirubin?
Flashcards
Absent Urobilinogen
Absent Urobilinogen
The absence of urinary urobilinogen indicates a complete blockage of bile flow into the intestines.
Pale Stools
Pale Stools
Pale stools are a sign of a blocked bile flow, as bile pigments are not reaching the intestines.
Antibiotics and Urobilinogen
Antibiotics and Urobilinogen
Broad-spectrum antibiotics can affect the normal gut bacteria responsible for bilirubin conversion to urobilinogen.
Mesobilifuscin
Mesobilifuscin
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Dark Brown Urine
Dark Brown Urine
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Study Notes
Urobilinogen Absence and Pale Stools
- Complete bile outflow obstruction leads to pale stools and absent urinary urobilinogen.
Intestinal Flora Suppression
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics reduce the normal intestinal flora, inhibiting bilirubin conversion to urobilinogen.
- This decreases urobilinogen excretion in feces and urine.
Mesobilifuscin
- Mesobilifuscin is a brown pigment dipyrrole in normal feces and urine.
- It contributes to fecal and urine color.
- It's not derived from bilirubin (unlike urobilinogen).
- It's likely a heme synthesis byproduct.
Dark Urine
- Excess mesobilifuscin causes dark brown urine.
- This can occur in homozygous β-thalassemia, or when erythrocytes contain Heinz bodies (as seen with unstable hemoglobins).
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