Questions and Answers
What is the ability of an individual to use two languages?
Bilingualism
What is the term for the coexistence of two varieties of the same language throughout a speech community?
Diglossia
What is the language spoken by the majority of the population in a country or region?
Majority Language
In which situation do people in the community use both the majority and minority language?
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What is the term for a language spoken by a smaller number of the population of a territory?
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What is the situation in which a linguistically diverse community is forced to convert into a monolingual one?
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Study Notes
Bilingualism and Diglossia
- Bilingualism is the ability of an individual to use two languages.
- Diglossia refers to the coexistence of two varieties of the same language throughout a speech community, consisting of high and low languages.
Language Status
- Majority Language is the language spoken by the majority of the population in a country or region, often with high status.
- Minority Language is spoken by a smaller number of the population, often with low status.
Fishman's Four Language Situations
- Situation 1: Diglossia and Bilingualism together - everyone in the community uses both majority and minority languages.
- Situation 2: Diglossia without Bilingualism - one group speaks one language, while another group speaks a different language.
- Situation 3: Bilingualism without Diglossia - most people are bilingual, with no restrictions on language use for specific purposes or contexts.
- Situation 4: Neither Bilingualism nor Diglossia - a linguistically diverse community is forced to convert into a monolingual one.
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