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Big Data Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the basis for the identification and high-level description of the main data objects in a database?

Physical Model
External Schema
Internal Schema
Conceptual Schema (correct)

Which database model operates at the lowest level of abstraction?

Conceptual Schema
External Schema
Internal Schema
Physical Model (correct)

In database design, what requires the designer to match characteristics and constraints from the conceptual model to the selected implementation model?

External Schema
Physical Model
Conceptual Schema
Internal Schema (correct)

Which database schema depicts a specific representation using database constructs supported by the chosen database?

Internal Schema (C) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the physical model makes it both software and hardware dependent?

Definition of physical storage devices (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main features of NoSQL databases?

High scalability, high availability, and fault tolerance (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do NoSQL databases handle adding capacity during high demand?

By adding nodes to the distributed database transparently and without downtime (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are most NoSQL databases geared toward performance rather than transaction consistency?

Due to the challenge of enforcing data consistency in very large distributed databases (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do distributed databases do to ensure high availability and fault tolerance?

They automatically make copies of data elements at multiple nodes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of data abstraction defined by ANSI/SPARC architecture?

External, conceptual, internal (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the external model represent?

The end user's view of the data environment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Velocity' refer to in the context of data?

Speed of data processing (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a general characteristic of NoSQL databases?

High scalability and fault tolerance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of NoSQL databases regarding distributed database architecture?

Employ multiple distributed database nodes (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what way are NoSQL databases geared towards when considering performance?

Performance over transaction consistency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of data are NoSQL databases particularly suited for handling?

Sparse data with few attributes but many instances (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with NoSQL databases?

Relational model usage (C) Signup and view all the answers

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