Bicarbonate Supplements in Plasma Management

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended level of plasma bicarbonate?

Above 30 mmol/l

Above 22 mmol/l (correct)

Above 25 mmol/l

Above 20 mmol/l

What is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis?

Smoking

Genetics

High blood pressure (correct)

Obesity

What is the initial dose of sodium bicarbonate supplements?

1 g 8-hourly (correct)

0.5 g 8-hourly

1.5 g 8-hourly

2 g 8-hourly

How often should sodium bicarbonate supplements be taken?

8-hourly Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the hardening and narrowing of the arteries?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of giving sodium bicarbonate supplements?

To maintain plasma bicarbonate levels above 22 mmol/l Signup and view all the answers

What is a common underlying condition that can contribute to atherosclerosis?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the initial dose of sodium bicarbonate supplements is not effective?

Increase the dose of the supplements Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the build-up of plaque in the arteries?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary organ system affected by atherosclerosis?

Cardiovascular Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the conditions that can lead to aluminum overload?

Dialysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is not directly related to aluminum toxicity?

Iron deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible underlying condition that may lead to aluminium overload in patients?

Renal disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of dialysis?

Aluminium overload Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary health concern associated with aluminium overload?

Toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily protein intake to prevent malnutrition?

Moderate restriction to 60 g protein per day Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not consuming adequate calories with moderate protein restriction?

Malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach to protein intake?

Moderate protein restriction with adequate calories Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of severe protein restriction?

Malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Why is moderate protein restriction recommended?

To prevent malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Renal Replacement Therapy?

To replace kidney function Signup and view all the answers

Peritoneal Dialysis is a type of:

Renal Replacement Therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of Renal Replacement Therapy?

Medication Therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Hemo Dialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis?

Method of blood filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of Renal Replacement Therapy?

To receive a kidney transplant Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Disease and Lipids

Atherosclerosis is prevalent and can be worsened by hypertension.
Monitoring plasma bicarbonate levels is crucial; levels should remain above 22 mmol/l.
Sodium bicarbonate supplements may be administered, starting at a dosage of 1 g every 8 hours, with adjustments made as necessary.

Iron Deficiency and Other Considerations

Common causes of iron deficiency include:
- Active inflammation
- Malignancy
- Aluminium overload, particularly in dialysis patients
Avoid severe protein restriction; moderate restriction to 60 g of protein per day is suggested.
Ensure sufficient caloric intake to avoid malnutrition.

Renal Replacement Therapy Options

Peritoneal Dialysis: A treatment method that involves the lining of the abdomen to filter waste from the blood.
Hemo Dialysis: A process that uses a machine to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood.
Renal Transplant: A surgical procedure to place a healthy kidney from a donor into a person with failing kidneys.

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Description

Learn about the importance of maintaining plasma bicarbonate levels and how to achieve it through sodium bicarbonate supplements. Understand the starting dose and frequency of administration, and how to adjust as needed.