Bicarbonate and CO2 Transport
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Questions and Answers

What is the majority of CO2 transported via?

bicarbonate

What enzyme catalyses the conversion of CO2 into carbonic acid?

carbonic anhydrase

What is the purpose of the chloride shift in red blood cells?

to exchange bicarbonate and chloride ions

What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells?

<p>Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the conversion of CO2 into carbonic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is bicarbonate formed in red blood cells?

<p>Bicarbonate is formed when carbonic acid is hydrolysed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the H+ ion in red blood cells?

<p>The H+ ion is bound by haemoglobin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to H+ and bicarbonate at the lungs?

<p>H+ dissociates from haemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chloride shift in red blood cells?

<p>The chloride shift allows for the exchange of bicarbonate and chloride ions across the RBC membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can't HCO3- ions easily cross the RBC membrane?

<p>HCO3- ions are charged and cannot easily cross the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is CO2 transported out of tissues?

<p>CO2 diffuses down its concentration gradient into red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of haemoglobin in buffering the process?

<p>Haemoglobin binds to H+ ions to maintain the balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme catalyses the conversion of carbonic acid back to CO2 and water?

<p>Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the conversion of carbonic acid back to CO2 and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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