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week 1 introductory research methods
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week 1 introductory research methods

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Questions and Answers

Which subject is a significant part of a psychological education?

  • Chemistry
  • Mathematics
  • Statistics (correct)
  • Biology
  • Why do scientists use statistics?

  • They don't trust themselves (correct)
  • They want to make things more complicated
  • They enjoy doing statistical tests
  • They want to confuse people
  • What is the common perception of statistics among psychology students?

  • It is their favorite part of education
  • It is a small part of psychology education
  • It is disliked by many students (correct)
  • It is not taught in psychology classes
  • According to the text, what is Simpson's paradox?

    <p>The surprising phenomenon where the aggregated data suggests discrimination against women but the disaggregated data shows no bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the gender bias in Berkeley's admissions processes?

    <p>The gender bias was caused by women self-selecting for harder departments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main point the author is making about doing research?

    <p>There are lots of subtle, counter-intuitive traps in research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider both the aggregated and disaggregated data in a research project?

    <p>The answers to critical questions may depend on both types of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what did J. St. B. Evans et al. (1983) find in their study?

    <p>When pre-existing biases were in disagreement with the data, everything went as expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the time did people perceive a strong argument that contradicted their pre-existing beliefs to be a strong argument?

    <p>92%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the time did people perceive a weak argument that agreed with their pre-existing biases to be a weak argument?

    <p>54%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of people's judgments were correct in compensating for their prior biases?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of the belief bias effect in logical reasoning?

    <p>All cigarettes are expensive (Premise 1) Some addictive things are inexpensive (Premise 2) Therefore, some cigarettes are not addictive (Conclusion)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about deductively valid arguments?

    <p>They don't have to involve true statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge in evaluating evidence impartially according to the text?

    <p>Being influenced by pre-existing biases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the belief bias effect in logical reasoning?

    <p>The tendency to be influenced by the believability of the conclusion, even when it shouldn't impact the evaluation of the argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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