भारत का इतिहास: गांधी के बाद की घटनाएं

India after Gandhi

Nehru's Era (1947-1964)

• Jawaharlal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of India after Gandhi's assassination
• Focused on building a modern, secular, and democratic India
• Implemented socialistic policies and a mixed economy
• Emphasized industrialization, especially in the public sector
• Established the Planning Commission to oversee economic development
• Introduced the Five-Year Plans to achieve rapid industrialization and growth

Shastri's Era (1964-1966)

• Lal Bahadur Shastri succeeded Nehru as Prime Minister
• Focused on strengthening India's economy and improving relations with neighbors
• Successfully led India during the 1965 Indo-Pakistan War
• Introduced the Green Revolution to increase agricultural production
• Signed the Tashkent Agreement with Pakistan to resolve border disputes

Indira Gandhi's Era (1966-1977, 1980-1984)

• Indira Gandhi, Nehru's daughter, became Prime Minister in 1966
• Implemented policies to reduce poverty and increase government control over the economy
• Nationalized banks and introduced the 20-Point Economic Programme
• Led India during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War
• Imposed Emergency in 1975, suspending civil liberties and introducing authoritarian rule
• Lost the 1977 election but returned to power in 1980
• Assassinated in 1984 by her bodyguards

Rajiv Gandhi's Era (1984-1989)

• Rajiv Gandhi, Indira's son, became Prime Minister after her assassination
• Focused on modernizing India's economy and technology
• Introduced the New Economic Policy, liberalizing the economy and encouraging foreign investment
• Signed the Punjab Accord to resolve the Punjab insurgency
• Lost the 1989 election due to allegations of corruption and favouritism

Other Key Events

• The Indian Constitution was amended multiple times to reflect changing social and political realities
• India's nuclear program progressed, with the first nuclear test in 1974 and the development of nuclear weapons in the 1990s
• The country faced numerous challenges, including poverty, inequality, and separatist movements