Beta-Lactams & Peptide Antibiotics Lecture Objectives
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?

  • Disruption of bacterial cell membrane
  • Inhibition of DNA gyrase
  • Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
  • Inhibition of transpeptidation reaction by binding to PBPs (correct)
  • Which bacteria are commonly targeted by antipseudomonal penicillins?

  • Streptococci and staphylococci
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae (correct)
  • Moraxella and Haemophilus influenzae
  • Salmonella and Shigella
  • What is the spectrum of activity of aminopenicillins?

  • Viral pathogens
  • Primarily gram-negative bacteria
  • Primarily gram-positive bacteria (correct)
  • Intracellular bacteria
  • What is the target site of cephalosporins' action?

    <p>Inhibition of transpeptidation by binding to PBPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of killing is associated with bactericidal antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins?

    <p>Time-dependent killing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism of resistance to vancomycin is attributed to VRSA?

    <p>Modification of vancomycin binding site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic has a spectrum of activity that includes MRSA, VISA, and VRSA?

    <p>Daptomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is known for its unintended effects such as myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and jaundice?

    <p>Cycloserine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of polymyxin B?

    <p>Disruption of bacterial cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is specifically mentioned for treating acute cystitis and urinary tract infections caused by E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis?

    <p>Fosfomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic acts by inhibiting the incorporation of amino acids into the bacterial cell wall?

    <p>Bacitracin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about penicillins is correct?

    <p>Standard penicillins, antistaphylococcal penicillins, and extended-spectrum penicillins are all types of penicillins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration is NOT mentioned for penicillin G in the text?

    <p>Oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information provided, which of the following statements is true about benzathine penicillin G suspension?

    <p>It is a depot formulation administered intramuscularly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following penicillins is specifically mentioned as being available for oral administration?

    <p>Penicillin V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cephalosporin is specifically indicated for infections caused by MRSA, VISA, and VRSA?

    <p>Ceftaroline fosamil (Teflaro)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cephalosporin is effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and used in the treatment of gonorrhea?

    <p>Cefixime (Suprax)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cephalosporin is known for its extended gram-negative activity and is classified as 3rd generation?

    <p>Ceftriaxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subclass of 2nd generation cephalosporins include antibiotics like Cefoxitin and Cefotetan?

    <p>Cephamycins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cephalosporin has the broadest spectrum of activity among cephalosporins and is specifically effective against Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Bacteroides?

    <p>Cefepime (Maxipime)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation of cephalosporins includes antibiotics like Cefprozil and Cefuroxime axetil, with a spectrum of activity covering Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis?

    <p>1st generation cephalosporins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of antibiotic resistance is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Ribosome modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the contraindication of β-lactam antibiotics, besides previous β-lactam allergy?

    <p>Reduced renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of carbapenem antibiotics as described in the text?

    <p>Not cross-allergenic with other β-lactams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of vancomycin, as described in the text?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a spectrum of activity or use for vancomycin, as described in the text?

    <p>Treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of administration for vancomycin when used for systemic Gram-positive infections, according to the text?

    <p>Intravenous</p> Signup and view all the answers

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