Bernoulli's Principle and Venturi Effect

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Questions and Answers

Which trigonometric identity is equivalent to $\cos^2(x/2) - \sin^2(x/2)$?

  • $\tan(x)$
  • $\cos(x)$ (correct)
  • $\sin(x)$
  • $\cot(x)$

The expression $\cos(x/2) + \sin(x/2)$ can be simplified to 1.

False (B)

Solve the differential equation: $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ for $\frac{dy}{dx}$.

$\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}$

The expression $\cos^2(x/2) + \sin^2(x/2)$ simplifies to ____ .

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following expressions with their simplified forms:

<p>$\cos^2(x/2) - \sin^2(x/2)$ = $\cos(x)$ $\sin^2(x) + \cos^2(x)$ = 1 $2 \sin(x/2)\cos(x/2)$ = $\sin(x)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which expression represents $1 + 2\sin(x/2)\cos(x/2)$?

<p>$(\sin(x/2) + \cos(x/2))^2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The derivative $\frac{dy}{dx}$ of the equation $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ is always positive.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}$, what condition must be satisfied for $\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$?

<p>$2x + y = 0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

The differential equation $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ is a first-order ______ differential equation.

<p>ordinary</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following trigonometric expressions with their equivalent forms:

<p>$\cos(x)$ = $\cos^2(x/2) - \sin^2(x/2)$ $\sin(x)$ = $2\sin(x/2)\cos(x/2)$ 1 = $\sin^2(x/2) + \cos^2(x/2)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the differential equation $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$, what is $\frac{dy}{dx}$ when $x = 1$ and $y = -1$?

<p>-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ is linear.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $\cos(x/2) = a$ and $\sin(x/2) = b$, express $\cos(x)$ in terms of $a$ and $b$.

<p>$a^2 - b^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

The double angle formula states that $\sin(2x) = 2\sin(x)\cos(x)$. Thus, $\sin(x) = $ ______.

<p>$2\sin(x/2)\cos(x/2)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following differential equations with their corresponding derivatives $\frac{dy}{dx}$:

<p>$x + y + x\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ = $\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{x+y}{x}$ $2x + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$ = $\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{2x+y}{2y}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

What expression is equivalent to $(\cos(x/2) - \sin(x/2))(\cos(x/2) + \sin(x/2))$?

<p>$\cos^2(x/2) - \sin^2(x/2)$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{2x+y}{x+2y}$, then $\frac{dx}{dy} = \frac{x+2y}{2x+y}$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Express $(\cos(x/2) + \sin(x/2))^2$ in terms of $\sin(x)$ and a constant.

<p>$1 + \sin(x)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

To find the derivative $\frac{dy}{dx}$ implicitly for the equation $2x + x\frac{dy}{dx} + y + 2y\frac{dy}{dx} = 0$, we differentiate both sides with respect to ______.

<p>x</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following trigonometric identities with their simplified forms:

<p>$\sin(2x)$ = $2 sin(x) cos(x)$ $\cos(2x)$ = $\cos^2(x) - \sin^2(x)$ $\sin^2(x) + \cos^2(x)$ = 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is cos(x)?

cos²(x/2) - sin²(x/2)

Solve for dy/dx

dy/dx = -(2x+y)/(x+2y)

Study Notes

  • An increase in fluid's speed happens simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or potential energy, based on Bernoulli's principle.
  • Bernoulli's principle is expressed as: $P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho gh = \text{constant}$, where:
    • $P$ represents Pressure.
    • $\rho$ is Density.
    • $v$ is Velocity.
    • $h$ stands for Height.
  • Air moves faster over the top of a wing, which lowers pressure and generates lift.
  • Faster moving air corresponds to lower pressure.
  • Slower moving air is associated with higher pressure.

Venturi Effect

  • The Venturi effect refers to the reduction in fluid pressure when a fluid goes through a constricted section of a pipe.
  • When air enters a narrower pipe, its speed increases, which decreases pressure, in turn causing liquid to rise and mix with the airflow.

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