Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of the item requiring the patient to stand unsupported with eyes closed?
What is the primary goal of the item requiring the patient to stand unsupported with eyes closed?
- To evaluate overall strength
- To measure coordination skills
- To determine proprioception abilities (correct)
- To assess balance under visual distraction
What is essential for the execution of the 'standing unsupported with feet together' assessment?
What is essential for the execution of the 'standing unsupported with feet together' assessment?
- Having shoes on for stability
- The examiner should assist the patient
- The eyes must be closed for the test
- The patient must focus on a stationary object (correct)
During the reaching forward assessment, what should the examiner use if the patient cannot extend their fingers?
During the reaching forward assessment, what should the examiner use if the patient cannot extend their fingers?
- Measure from the wrist instead
- Use a different arm for measurement
- Utilize the metacarpal phalangeal joint (correct)
- Adjust the arm position to 45 degrees
What should be considered when selecting the object for the 'pick up object from the floor' assessment?
What should be considered when selecting the object for the 'pick up object from the floor' assessment?
Which of the following is true regarding the standing unsupported items?
Which of the following is true regarding the standing unsupported items?
What is the maximum score for the 'Sitting to standing' task if a subject can stand independently without using hands?
What is the maximum score for the 'Sitting to standing' task if a subject can stand independently without using hands?
In the task of standing unsupported, how long must a subject stand unsupported to receive full points?
In the task of standing unsupported, how long must a subject stand unsupported to receive full points?
Which of the following describes a scoring criterion for needing minimal aid to stand?
Which of the following describes a scoring criterion for needing minimal aid to stand?
What is the instruction for a subject during the 'Standing on one leg' task?
What is the instruction for a subject during the 'Standing on one leg' task?
Which item requires demonstrating the foot placement in front of the other?
Which item requires demonstrating the foot placement in front of the other?
What is the primary instruction given to a patient for the exercise of standing unsupported?
What is the primary instruction given to a patient for the exercise of standing unsupported?
In the task of sitting with back unsupported, how should the patient position their arms?
In the task of sitting with back unsupported, how should the patient position their arms?
During the transfers exercise, what is required of the patient?
During the transfers exercise, what is required of the patient?
What is the duration a patient is required to stand with eyes closed?
What is the duration a patient is required to stand with eyes closed?
When performing the sitting to standing exercise, what are patients instructed to avoid?
When performing the sitting to standing exercise, what are patients instructed to avoid?
What is the main purpose of the standing unsupported task?
What is the main purpose of the standing unsupported task?
In the reaching forward task while standing, at what angle should the patient lift their arm?
In the reaching forward task while standing, at what angle should the patient lift their arm?
Which support is not permitted during the standing with feet together task?
Which support is not permitted during the standing with feet together task?
Flashcards
Standing unsupported with eyes closed
Standing unsupported with eyes closed
Patient stands quietly with eyes closed, and examiner times how long they can maintain balance.
Standing unsupported with feet together
Standing unsupported with feet together
Patient stands quietly with feet together, examiner times balance.
Reaching forward with outstretched arm
Reaching forward with outstretched arm
Patient stands, arms at 90-degree shoulder flexion; examiner measures reach distance.
Picking up object from floor (standing)
Picking up object from floor (standing)
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Standing Assessment Items
Standing Assessment Items
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Turning to look behind
Turning to look behind
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360 degrees turn
360 degrees turn
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Alternate foot on step
Alternate foot on step
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Standing with one foot in front
Standing with one foot in front
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Standing on one leg
Standing on one leg
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Sitting to standing
Sitting to standing
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Standing unsupported
Standing unsupported
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Sitting with back unsupported
Sitting with back unsupported
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Balance Test - Standing on one foot?
Balance Test - Standing on one foot?
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Balance Test - Standing unsupported (eyes open)
Balance Test - Standing unsupported (eyes open)
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Balance Test - Stepping forward (one foot in front)
Balance Test - Stepping forward (one foot in front)
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Balance Test - Sitting to Standing
Balance Test - Sitting to Standing
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Balance Test - Reaching Forward (outstretched arm)
Balance Test - Reaching Forward (outstretched arm)
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Study Notes
Core Measure: Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
- The BBS is a clinician-rated scale used to assess sitting and standing balance, both static and dynamic.
- It consists of 14 functional balance items.
- Each item is scored on a 5-point ordinal scale (0-4).
- A score of 0 indicates the inability to complete the task, while 4 indicates complete success.
- Items are scored based on the time required, supervision needed, or level of assistance.
Scoring
- Points are deducted if requiring supervision, assistance, or exceeding the allotted time.
- The lowest applicable category is recorded.
- Supervision is necessary if there's excessive sway or safety concerns.
Equipment
- Stopwatch
- Standard height chair (18-20 inches) with armrests
- Standard height chair (18-20 inches) without arm rests
- A step or stool of average height (7 1/4 - 9 inches)
- Ruler
- Slippers/shoes
Time
- New clinician: Less than 20 minutes
- Experienced clinician: Less than 20 minutes
Cost
- Cost of equipment only
Logistics/Setup
- Item 1: Sitting to standing
- Patient sits in a standard height chair (18-20 inches) with armrests.
- Item 2: Standing unsupported
- Patient stands with feet shoulder-width apart on a solid surface.
- Item 3: Sitting with back unsupported
- Patient sits with back unsupported, feet supported on floor/stool.
- Item 4: Standing to sitting
- Patient stands in front of a chair, with armrests
- Item 5: Transfers
- Two chairs at 90 degrees for a pivot transfer (or use two chairs, one with armrests and one without, or a bed and chair with arm rests).
Additional Items (Page 2)
- Item 6: Standing unsupported with eyes closed
- Item 7: Standing unsupported with feet together
- Item 8: Reaching forward with outstretched arm while standing
- Item 9: Pick up object from the floor from a standing position
- Item 10: Turning to look behind over left and right shoulders
- Item 11: Turn 360 degrees
- Item 12: Placing alternate foot on step or stool while standing unsupported
- Item 13: Standing unsupported one foot in front
- Item 14: Standing on one leg
Logistics-Administration (Page 3)
- Detailed instructions for each item, including specific actions and timings.
Logistics-Scoring (Page 4)
- Scoring criteria for each item, including minimum criteria for the various scores (4, 3, 2, 1, 0).
Additional Recommendations (Page 6)
- Suggestions for administering the scale (repeated testing for tracking/change).
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Description
This quiz focuses on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), a tool used to evaluate both static and dynamic balance in individuals. It covers the scoring system, required equipment, and time considerations for clinicians. Test your understanding of this crucial assessment tool!
