Benign Breast Disease Quiz

Benign Breast Disease

• Fibrocystic changes:
  • Most common benign breast condition
  • Characterized by cysts and fibrosis
  • Symptoms: breast pain, tenderness, and swelling
  • Diagnosis: clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Fibroadenoma:
  • Most common benign breast tumor
  • Typically occurs in women under 30
  • Symptoms: palpable mass, painless, and mobile
  • Diagnosis: clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Ductal ectasia:
  • Dilation of lactiferous ducts
  • Symptoms: nipple discharge, breast pain, and swelling
  • Diagnosis: clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Mastitis:
  • Inflammation of the breast tissue
  • Symptoms: breast pain, swelling, and redness
  • Diagnosis: clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH):
  • Proliferation of abnormal ductal cells
  • Increased risk of breast cancer
  • Diagnosis: biopsy

Breast Cancer Diagnosis

• Breast Imaging:
  • Mammography: screening and diagnostic tool
  • Ultrasound: complementary to mammography
  • MRI: high-risk patients and implant evaluation
• Breast Biopsy:
  • Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): cytological sampling
  • Core needle biopsy: histological sampling
  • Surgical biopsy: excisional or incisional biopsy
• Pathological Diagnosis:
  • Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): non-invasive cancer
  • Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): invasive cancer
  • Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): non-invasive cancer
  • Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC): invasive cancer
• Immunohistochemical Markers:
  • Estrogen receptor (ER): hormone receptor status
  • Progesterone receptor (PR): hormone receptor status
  • Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2): molecular marker
  • Ki-67: proliferation marker
• TNM Staging:
  • Tumor size and extent (T)
  • Node involvement (N)
  • Metastases (M)

Benign Breast Disease

• Fibrocystic changes:
  • Most common benign breast condition, characterized by cysts and fibrosis
  • Presents with breast pain, tenderness, and swelling
  • Diagnosed through clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Fibroadenoma:
  • Most common benign breast tumor, typically occurring in women under 30
  • Presents as a palpable mass, painless and mobile
  • Diagnosed through clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Ductal ectasia:
  • Characterized by dilation of lactiferous ducts
  • Presents with nipple discharge, breast pain, and swelling
  • Diagnosed through clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Mastitis:
  • Inflammation of the breast tissue
  • Presents with breast pain, swelling, and redness
  • Diagnosed through clinical exam, imaging, and biopsy
• Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH):
  • Proliferation of abnormal ductal cells, increasing the risk of breast cancer
  • Diagnosed through biopsy

Breast Cancer Diagnosis

• Breast Imaging:
  • Mammography: used for screening and diagnostic purposes
  • Ultrasound: used as a complementary tool to mammography
  • MRI: used for high-risk patients and implant evaluation
• Breast Biopsy:
  • Fine-needle aspiration (FNA): a cytological sampling method
  • Core needle biopsy: a histological sampling method
  • Surgical biopsy: excisional or incisional biopsy methods
• Pathological Diagnosis:
  • Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): a non-invasive cancer
  • Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): an invasive cancer
  • Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): a non-invasive cancer
  • Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC): an invasive cancer
• Immunohistochemical Markers:
  • Estrogen receptor (ER): a hormone receptor status marker
  • Progesterone receptor (PR): a hormone receptor status marker
  • Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2): a molecular marker
  • Ki-67: a proliferation marker
• TNM Staging:
  • Tumor size and extent (T)
  • Node involvement (N)
  • Metastases (M)