Dementia
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a motor feature commonly seen in patients exhibiting Parkinsonian movements?

  • Enhanced cognitive abilities
  • Rigidity (correct)
  • Increased energy levels
  • Rapid speech

    • What type of neurodegeneration is primarily associated with Behavioural-Variant Frontotemporal Dementia?

  • Accumulation of abnormal tau protein (correct)
  • Insulin resistance in the brain
  • Decrease in amyloid plaques
  • Neurofibrillary tangles in occipital lobe

    • Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Behavioural-Variant Frontotemporal Dementia?

  • Memory deficits (correct)
  • Preference for sweets
  • Repetitive behaviors
  • Lack of insight

    • Which behavioral symptom may be present in patients with Behavioural-Variant Frontotemporal Dementia?

    <p>Emotional rigidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes mild cognitive impairment?

    <p>Some deficits upon testing but not severe enough to cause problems in day-to-day living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive abilities are likely to show declines in life-long processing speed?

    <p>Working memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does subjective cognitive decline refer to?

    <p>An experience of cognitive decline without objective impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do thinking skills typically peak, according to normal age-related cognitive decline?

    <p>Twenties to thirties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the diagnostic criteria for subjective cognitive decline?

    <p>Evidence of objective cognitive impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) is projected to progress to Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)?

    <p>27%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered a predictor of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)?

    <p>Low socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary management approach for individuals diagnosed with SCD?

    <p>Reassurance about normal cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of individuals over 65 are estimated to experience Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)?

    <p>11-17%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)?

    <p>Cognitive decline not evident in functional tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of individuals with MCI who develop dementia within five years?

    <p>45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about dementia is true?

    <p>It affects cognitive or behavioral functionality, leading to decline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a feature of the diagnostic criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)?

    <p>Significant impairment in daily functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which non-pharmacological intervention has shown significant improvement for individuals with MCI?

    <p>Cognitive training programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is predicted to have a higher risk of converting from MCI to dementia?

    <p>Individuals with MCI and depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most significant risk factors for dementia?

    <p>Previous/repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of dementia typically has an insidious onset after the age of 65?

    <p>Alzheimer's Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a protective factor against dementia?

    <p>Mediterranean diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the cognitive pattern of Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) from Alzheimer's Disease (AD)?

    <p>VCI typically presents with a frontosubcortical pattern of deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Difficulty with movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the characteristic neuroanatomical changes found in Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Presence of senile/amyloid plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding Dementia with Lewy Bodies?

    <p>Visual hallucinations are a common feature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cognitive dysfunction is the first symptom typically associated with Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Memory impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of decline is often associated with Vascular Cognitive Impairment?

    <p>Step-wise decline often associated with strokes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a common comorbidity found with Alzheimer's Disease?

    <p>Cerebrovascular pathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deficits are typically seen in dementia with Lewy Bodies?

    <p>Visuospatial deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors can influence the modification of dementia risk?

    <p>Years of formal education and physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the diagnosis process for Alzheimer’s Disease?

    <p>Alzheimer's clinical syndrome is noted until plaques are confirmed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary distinction between mild cognitive impairment and dementia?

    <p>Dementia involves objective cognitive deficits impacting daily living.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best represents normal age-related cognitive decline?

    <p>Processing speed typically begins to decline significantly during middle age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors could contribute to subjective cognitive decline in individuals over 60 years old?

    <p>Increased media coverage on dementia and societal attitudes toward aging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive abilities remain stable throughout an individual's life, despite the aging process?

    <p>Autobiographical memory and procedural memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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