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Questions and Answers
What do variable ratio schedules of reinforcement provide?
What do variable ratio schedules of reinforcement provide?
High and steady rates of the behavior targeted for reinforcement.
What is the purpose of adding a limited hold to interval reinforcement?
What is the purpose of adding a limited hold to interval reinforcement?
To speed up the display of the target behavior.
Which of the following best describes the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
Which of the following best describes the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
- Both A and B. (correct)
- Negative reinforcement involves taking something away to increase behavior.
- Positive reinforcement involves giving something to increase a behavior.
- Neither A nor B.
What is the goal of differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior?
What is the goal of differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior?
Which of the following increases the value of a reinforcer for an individual?
Which of the following increases the value of a reinforcer for an individual?
What do ratio schedules of reinforcement offer?
What do ratio schedules of reinforcement offer?
What defines a concurrent schedule of reinforcement?
What defines a concurrent schedule of reinforcement?
What is the purpose of using a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement?
What is the purpose of using a variable ratio schedule of reinforcement?
What is the best way to prevent ratio strain?
What is the best way to prevent ratio strain?
Fixed ratio schedules are best used for what purpose?
Fixed ratio schedules are best used for what purpose?
What is a common result of fixed interval schedules?
What is a common result of fixed interval schedules?
What is the best reason for thinning reinforcement?
What is the best reason for thinning reinforcement?
Why are intermittent reinforcement schedules used?
Why are intermittent reinforcement schedules used?
What is ratio strain?
What is ratio strain?
What is the goal of differential reinforcement of high rates of behavior?
What is the goal of differential reinforcement of high rates of behavior?
When do variable interval schedules of reinforcement occur?
When do variable interval schedules of reinforcement occur?
When are interval schedules of reinforcement delivered?
When are interval schedules of reinforcement delivered?
Continuous reinforcement schedules are most often used to achieve what?
Continuous reinforcement schedules are most often used to achieve what?
What does the Matching Law state?
What does the Matching Law state?
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Study Notes
Variable Ratio Schedules
- Provide high and steady rates of the targeted behavior for reinforcement.
Limited Hold in Interval Reinforcement
- A limited hold speeds up the display of the target behavior.
Positive vs Negative Reinforcement
- Positive reinforcement involves adding a stimulus to increase behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing a stimulus to achieve the same effect.
Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates
- Aims to increase the duration between occurrences of a behavior.
Value of a Reinforcer
- Reinforcer value increases if it is delivered immediately and specifically linked to the target behavior.
Ratio Schedules
- Reinforcers are given after a specific number of displayed responses.
Concurrent Schedules
- Operate when multiple schedules of reinforcement are available at the same time.
Variable Ratio Purpose
- Designed to eliminate predictability in receiving reinforcement.
Prevention of Ratio Strain
- Thinning reinforcement should be done gradually to avoid ratio strain.
Fixed Ratio Schedules
- Most effective for teaching new behaviors.
Fixed Interval Schedule Effects
- Typically lead to a spike in responding towards the end of the specified interval.
Thinning Reinforcement Rationale
- Decreases reliance on the reinforcer, helping to solidify behavior.
Intermittent Reinforcement Use
- Maintains behaviors that have already been learned.
Definition of Ratio Strain
- Occurs when reinforcement is reduced too quickly, disrupting behavior performance.
Differential Reinforcement of High Rates
- Aims to shorten the time between instances of a behavior.
Variable Interval Schedules
- Reinforcement occurs after an unpredictable amount of time.
Interval Schedules
- Reinforcements are provided after a predetermined time period has passed.
Continuous Reinforcement Schedule Usage
- Primarily employed to establish new behaviors.
Matching Law
- Suggests individuals will choose behaviors linked to more valuable reinforcers when given options.
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