Behavioral Ecology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of animal communication as described in the text?

  • Optimizing mating opportunities
  • Foraging
  • Recognition of castes
  • Monitoring behavior of neighbors (correct)

Which type of communication involves signals that keep individuals aware of each other's presence?

  • Contact communication (correct)
  • Alarm communication
  • Courtship communication
  • Status communication

What does foraging theory predict about animals' decisions according to the text?

  • Decisions that maximize energy will not be selected for
  • Decisions that minimize energy expenditure will be favored
  • Decisions maximizing energy per unit time will be selected for (correct)
  • Decisions will be random and not influenced by the environment

Which type of communication involves identification of rank and solicitation of parental care by offspring?

<p>Status communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of animal behavior does foraging primarily influence?

<p>Survival and reproduction ability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In animal communication, what does sexual receptivity involve?

<p>Identification of physiological readiness to mate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Group Foraging?

<p>When animals forage in the presence of other individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some benefits of Group Foraging?

<p>Reduced predation threat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is scramble competition in the context of group foraging?

<p>Where each individual competes to get a portion of a shared resource (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does group foraging affect an animal's foraging payoff?

<p>Reduces it due to competition for resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do female lions consider when making foraging decisions?

<p>Hunting group size with cubs and territory defense in mind (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Optimal Foraging Theory help predict?

<p>How an animal behaves when searching for food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do behavioral ecologists distinguish between?

<p>Proximal and ultimate causes of behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is group selection in evolution?

<p>Natural selection acting at the level of the group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of behavioral ecology?

<p>Studying the evolutionary basis of animal behavior under ecological pressures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Wynne Edwards (1960), why did he argue for group selection?

<p>To explain subordination of selfish interests for group wellbeing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept posits that natural selection benefits the whole group or species?

<p>Group selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of behavioral ecology research?

<p>Studying how ecological pressures influence animal behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a predator?

<p>An organism that consumes others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does learning influence foraging behavior?

<p>By enhancing the ability to adjust foraging behavior based on previous experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor influencing foraging behavior apart from learning and genetics?

<p>Predators and Parasites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prey in the context of foraging behavior?

<p>An organism that is eaten by another (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of predators affect foraging behavior?

<p>Foragers change their behavior to balance predation risk with their needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does solitary foraging involve?

<p>Foraging alone to find, capture, and consume prey (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Maynard Smith demonstrate about group selection?

<p>It does not work when the number of successful migrants per group exceeds one. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does altruism in animals refer to?

<p>An action that benefits others at the cost of the giver's fitness. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept behind kin selection theory?

<p>Closely related individuals benefit more from altruistic behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do vampire bats exhibit altruism?

<p>By regurgitating blood to feed hungry conspecifics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of altruistic behavior according to the text?

<p>It can decrease the survival chances of the individual performing it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does kin selection theory suggest helping relatives with reproduction?

<p>To spread shared genes even at a cost to one's own reproductive success. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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