PT Fundamentals Week 6 - (Transcripts Pt. 2)

Study Notes

Bed Mobility

Bed mobility involves moving a person from one position to another on a flat surface, such as rolling, scooting, and transitioning between supine, sitting, and scooting on the edge of a bed, plinth, or mat table.
Improves patient mobility and functional independence.
Repositioning patients in bed is crucial to prevent pressure sores and excessive spinal curvature.
Patients may slide down in bed, leading to pressure on the sacrum, spinal vertebrae, and difficulty breathing due to a flexed forward posture.

Hook Lying

Hook lying involves supine positioning with knees flexed and feet flat on the floor.
Hips are flexed at 45-55 degrees, and knees are flexed at about 90 degrees.
Assistance may be needed for leg positioning.
This position strengthens gluteus maximus and quadriceps, essential muscles for mobility.
Co-contraction of hamstrings with quadriceps provides joint stability during movement preparation.

Bridging

Bridging involves squeezing the gluteus maximus to elevate the hips off the surface while supine.
This allows for bedpan placement, linen adjustments, and pressure relief on the pelvis and lower legs.
An essential component of activities like scooting up in bed.

Scooting Up in Bed

Uses hook lying and bridging to facilitate position changes up, down, and sideways while supine.
Helps with transitioning into side-lying and sitting.
Improves comfort and pressure relief.

Dependent Draw Sheet Transfer

Used for patients who cannot assist with transfers.
A sheet is tucked under the patient from the torso to the legs.
The sheet is pulled by two healthcare providers to move the patient from one surface to another, such as a cart to a bed.
The sheet can be used both for lateral transfers and for scooting up or down in a bed.

Scooting Sideways in Bed

Involves segmentally lifting, shifting, and lowering the upper and lower body, or vice versa.
Hook lying provides increased leverage for lifting the hips.
The patient uses their elbows for additional leverage when lifting the torso.
The patient uses their elbows to lift and shift their upper body.

Bed Rails for Scooting Up in Bed

Encouraged for independent scooting up in bed.
A compensatory method that allows patients to push down on rails instead of elbows.
Patients who will be discharged home should be taught how to scoot up in bed without rails eventually.

Rolling to Sideline

Involves rolling to the right side without using bed rails.
The patient scoots towards the opposite side they intend to roll to create space.
The therapist stands on the side the patient is rolling towards for safety.
Initiated by turning the head and eyes, which naturally follows the trunk.
The patient assists by bringing their knee up and over, pushing down on the elbow, and using the other arm for support.

Bedpan Assistance

Healthcare providers may need to assist patients in using a bedpan.
The patient rolls to the opposite side of the provider, and the bedpan is placed under their pelvis.
The patient rolls back into supine, the head of the bed is elevated, and bed rails are raised for safety.

Rolling Supine to Prone

The patient rolls into sideline and continues rolling until their stomach touches the bed surface.
The arm on the side the patient rolls over is kept close to the body and the elbow extended to avoid being pinned beneath the body.

Sitting Definitions

Long sitting: Legs are extended while sitting on a floor, mat, or bed.
Short sitting: Hips and knees are flexed while sitting on the edge of a bed (EOB).

Supine to Sitting

Important for relieving pressure on the upper body, improving lung clearance, stimulating cardiac function, facilitating swallowing, and allowing for sensory input and social interaction.
The patient lifts their knee, flexes it, and rolls to the opposite side.
They use their elbows, abdominal muscles, and momentum to lift the upper torso.

Scooting Sideways While Sitting

Helps patients prepare for getting back into bed by placing their hips close to the head of the bed.
A component of transfer techniques using a transfer board.
The patient abducts the left arm to create space for the trunk, pushes down on the support surface with both arms, lifts their pelvis and shifts it to the left, using their toes for balance or support.

Description

Explore essential techniques for bed mobility, including hook lying and bridging, to enhance patient mobility and prevent complications. Understanding proper positioning can significantly improve patient comfort and functional independence. This quiz covers the critical concepts needed for effective patient care in a clinical setting.