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Beam Intensity and Particle Count

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Questions and Answers

What is the total sensitive area associated with the nuclei in the face area of the foil?

nσdx

ndxAσ (correct)

ndxσ

ndx/A

What is the unit of microscopic cross section?

barn (b) (correct)

cm^2

nm^2

What is the total cross section σtot equal to?

The product of n and σ

The sum of the particle cross sections σ1, σ2, … (correct)

The ratio of the particle cross sections σ1, σ2, …

The difference of the particle cross sections σ1, σ2, …

What is the fractional sensitive area f in terms of the number of nuclei per unit volume, the cross-sectional area, and the thickness of the foil?

nσdx Signup and view all the answers

What is the macroscopic cross section Σ equal to?

The product of n and σ Signup and view all the answers

What is the change in intensity of the beam as it passes through the foil?

dI/I Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction rate (RR) defined as?

The number of nuclear reactions taking place in a unit time Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the negative sign in the equation f = -dI/I?

I decreases with x Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumption about the thickness of the foil in the derivation of the equation?

The foil is so thin that the cross-sectional area σ surrounding any nucleus is not shadowed by another nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the absorption coefficient α equal to in an absorption-type reaction?

nσ Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the intensity I of the beam after it has passed through a foil of thickness x?

I = Io e^-nσx Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition applied to equation (4-7) to obtain the final solution?

I=Io at x=0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the reduced mass of the incident particle and the target nucleus?

Mred = mxMX/(mx+MX) Signup and view all the answers

What is the threshold energy for the reaction 19F(n, p)19O?

4.1 MeV Signup and view all the answers

What is the Q-value of the reaction 19F(n, p)19O?

-3.9 MeV Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum energy needed for an endoergic reaction to take place?

Threshold energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability of a single incident particle interacting with an individual target nucleus?

Cross-section Signup and view all the answers

Why do not all incident particles produce nuclear reactions?

Due to the low probability of interaction Signup and view all the answers