Basics of Ophthalmology for Dental Students

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Which muscle is responsible for raising the eyelid?

Orbicularis oculi

Levator palpebrae superioris (correct)

Superior oblique

Lateral rectus

What is the function of the sphincter pupillae muscle in the eye?

Contracts the pupil (correct)

Supplies blood to the retina

Dilates the pupil

Controls accommodation for near vision

What is the main function of the ciliary body in the eye?

Responsible for night vision

Contains muscles responsible for accommodation (correct)

Nutrition of adjacent structures

Secretes tears to keep the eye moist

Which part of the eye is responsible for converting light rays into electric impulses?

Retina Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of the choroid in the eye?

Nutrition of adjacent structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lacrimal gland in the eye?

Secretes tears to keep the eye moist Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the optic disc in the eye?

Point where optic nerve leaves the eye Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is rich in cones and responsible for acute sharp vision and color differentiation?

Macula lutea Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for night vision in the eye?

Rods Signup and view all the answers

Which of these structures in the eye is insensitive to light and known as 'blind spot'?

Optic disc Signup and view all the answers

What type of light receptors are responsible for day vision and color vision in the eye?

Cones Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies all extraocular muscles except superior oblique and lateral rectus in the eye?

Oculomotor nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of iridocyclitis due to systemic disease?

Septic focus in the teeth and oral region Signup and view all the answers

Which eye disease is characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure beyond normal limits?

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by protrusion of the eyeball forward?

Proptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acute primary glaucoma?

Elderly patients (over 60 years) Signup and view all the answers

What type of glaucoma has no primary cause found?

Congenital glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

Which eye disease is characterized by separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying choroid?

Retinal detachment Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for cataract?

Cataract extraction operation by phacoemulsification Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results in lack of sharp distinct retinal image due to parallel rays not focusing on the retina?

(Ametropia) Signup and view all the answers

What is used to correct hyperopia (far-sightedness)?

Concave lenses Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cornea?

To admit light into the eye and serve as the main refractive surface Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye is pierced by the optic nerve?

Sclera Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the uveal tract?

To serve as the vascular, pigmented, and nutritive layer of the eyeball Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of the cornea?

11 mm Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the eye forms the colored part of the eye?

Iris Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the retina?

To convert light into electrical impulses Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickness of the cornea?

0.5 mm Signup and view all the answers

What forms the outer protective coat of the eyeball?

Cornea and sclera Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the iris in controlling light entering the eye?

To control the amount of light entering the eye via its central opening called pupil Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the middle layer of the eyeball?

To serve as a vascular, pigmented, and nutritive layer for the eyeball Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that forms the posterior 5/6 of the outer coat of the eyeball?