Basic Life Support Procedures

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step to take when dealing with a patient experiencing a medical emergency?

Administer oxygen
Monitor vital signs
Position the patient on the floor
Activate emergency medical services (correct)

In the Basic Life Support (BLS) sequence, which step follows activating emergency medical services?

Administering oxygen
Assessing airway (correct)
Performing chest compressions
Monitoring vital signs

During the post-ictal phase, which action is NOT recommended?

Monitor vital signs
Position the patient safely
Administer oxygen
Place a tongue depressor in the patient's mouth (correct)

What is an important preventive measure during a medical emergency involving a patient?

Do not place anything in the patient's mouth (C) Signup and view all the answers

After positioning the patient, which activity is a priority in managing their condition?

Monitoring their breathing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a medical indication for anticoagulation?

Asthma exacerbation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which direct oral anticoagulant acts as a direct inhibitor of factor Xa?

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) compared to traditional anticoagulants?

They require little or no monitoring. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the 2015 consensus guideline, what types of dental interventions can usually be performed without discontinuing newer anticoagulants?

Extraction of 1 to 3 teeth (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions does NOT typically relate to the use of anticoagulation therapy?

Uncontrolled hypertension (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual recommendation regarding the discontinuation of a drug prior to surgery?

It should be discontinued 24 hours before surgery. (C) Signup and view all the answers

After surgery, when is it recommended to resume the drug?

24-48 hours after surgery. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who should be consulted for extensive procedures involving certain drugs?

A hematologist. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What might happen if the drug is not discontinued before surgery?

It could lead to excessive bleeding. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum time before surgery to discontinue the drug for safety?

24 hours. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of stable angina?

Pain that is reproducible and consistent over time (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following descriptions best fits unstable angina?

New-onset pain that increases in frequency and intensity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about angina is true?

Unstable angina can occur with minimal exertion. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does stable angina differ from unstable angina in terms of pain characteristics?

Stable angina pain is reproducible and unchanging. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What triggers unstable angina compared to stable angina?

Unstable angina can occur at rest or minimal exertion. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary condition related to the Respiratory System mentioned in the content?

Asthma (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes aspiration in relation to respiratory health?

Inhaling foreign materials into the lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of respiratory conditions does the content emphasize?

Management and prevention strategies (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a condition under the respiratory system?

Lung cancer (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are respiratory conditions like asthma and aspiration generally treated?

Through a combination of medication and lifestyle changes (A) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Emergency Response

Position patient on the floor or dental chair during an emergency.
Activate emergency medical services by calling 112.
Implement Basic Life Support (BLS) in the order of Compressions → Airway → Breathing.
Focus on definitive care by preventing further injury.
Avoid placing objects in the patient's mouth during seizures.
In the post-ictal phase, monitor vital signs and administer oxygen as needed.

Acquired Coagulation Disorders

Medical indications for anticoagulation include:
- Significant cardiovascular diseases, such as previous myocardial infarction (MI), atherosclerosis, and angina.
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) history.
- Previous episodes of atrial fibrillation or flutter.
- Presence of prosthetic heart valves.
- History of pulmonary embolism.

Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOAC)

DOACs are direct inhibitors of factor Xa, including:
- Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®),
- Dabigatran (Pradaxa®),
- Apixaban (Eliquis®).
These medications require little to no monitoring during treatment.
According to a 2015 guideline from the European Heart Rhythm Association, some dental procedures do not require discontinuation of DOACs, such as:
- Extraction of 1-3 teeth
- Periodontal surgery
- Abscess incision
- Implant positioning
Extensive procedures require consultation with a hematologist.
Generally recommend discontinuing DOACs 24 hours prior to surgery and resuming 24-48 hours afterward.

Anti-Platelets

Not specifically detailed in the provided text but classified separately.

Respiratory System Conditions

Asthma: Chronic condition characterized by inflamed airways.
Aspiration: Inhalation of foreign object or substance into the lungs.

Angina Classification

Stable Angina: Reproducible, consistent pain that does not change over time.
Unstable Angina: New, increasing frequency and intensity of pain, potentially occurring at rest or with minimal exertion.

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