Basic Life Processes
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

  • Autotrophs obtain food solely by consuming others.
  • Autotrophs require oxygen for energy production.
  • Heterotrophs can produce their own food.
  • Heterotrophs obtain food by consuming other organisms. (correct)

    • What process do organisms primarily use to release energy from glucose?

  • Respiration (correct)
  • Digestion
  • Photosynthesis
  • Fermentation

    • Which of the following best describes excretion?

  • The removal of harmful waste products from the body. (correct)
  • The synthesis of new cells for growth.
  • The process of obtaining food for energy.
  • The control of internal stability in response to external changes.

    • How does regulation primarily maintain stability within an organism?

    <p>Through the use of hormones and the nervous system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes sexual reproduction from asexual reproduction?

    <p>Asexual reproduction results in genetically identical offspring. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which manner do complex organisms primarily transport substances?

    <p>Through specialized circulatory systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the growth process in organisms?

    <p>Growth can occur in distinct stages involving new cell synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of respiration does not require oxygen?

    <p>Anaerobic respiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    What is nutrition?

    The process by which living organisms obtain food and use it for energy, growth, and repair.

    What are autotrophs?

    Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis, using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.

    What are heterotrophs?

    Organisms that obtain food by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

    What is respiration?

    The process of releasing energy from food in the presence of oxygen, breaking down glucose into carbon dioxide and water.

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    What is transport?

    The process of moving substances like nutrients, gases, and waste products within an organism.

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    What is excretion?

    The removal of waste products from the body to prevent harm from accumulation.

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    What is regulation?

    The control and coordination of life processes within an organism, maintaining internal stability and responding to changes in the environment.

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    What is reproduction?

    The process by which organisms produce new individuals of their own kind to continue their species.

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    Study Notes

    Basic Life Processes

    • Life processes are the actions organisms perform to stay alive, involving chemical reactions and physical movements.
    • All living organisms share key life processes including nutrition, respiration, transport, excretion, regulation, reproduction, and growth.

    Nutrition

    • Nutrition is obtaining and using food for energy, growth, and repair.
    • Organisms are classified as autotrophs or heterotrophs based on their food source:
      • Autotrophs, like plants, make their own food via photosynthesis (sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water).
      • Heterotrophs, like animals, consume other organisms or organic matter for food.

    Respiration

    • Respiration releases energy from food using oxygen.
    • This process breaks down glucose into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.
    • Aerobic respiration needs oxygen; anaerobic respiration does not.

    Transport

    • Transport moves nutrients, gases, and waste products within organisms.
    • Transport methods vary by organism complexity:
      • Simple organisms use diffusion.
      • Complex organisms utilize specialized circulatory systems.

    Excretion

    • Excretion removes waste products from organisms.
    • Accumulated waste can be harmful.
    • Excretion methods vary between organisms.

    Regulation

    • Regulation controls and coordinates life processes within an organism.
    • Regulatory mechanisms maintain internal stability and respond to environmental changes, often using hormones and/or the nervous system.

    Reproduction

    • Reproduction creates new individuals of the same kind, ensuring species survival.
    • Reproduction types include asexual (one parent) and sexual (two parents).
      • Asexual reproduction creates genetically identical offspring.
      • Sexual reproduction results in varied offspring.

    Growth

    • Growth increases organism size and complexity over time.
    • Growth involves synthesizing new cells and tissues.
    • Growth can be continuous or occur in stages.

    Factors Affecting Life Processes

    • Environmental factors (temperature, light, water) affect life process rates and efficiency
    • Increased temperature usually raises metabolic rates but can be damaging at high levels.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental life processes that all living organisms perform to sustain life. Topics include nutrition, respiration, and other key actions essential for survival. Understand the differences between autotrophs and heterotrophs and the importance of energy release through respiration.

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