Basic if Statements in Programming

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Questions and Answers

What happens when the condition in an if statement evaluates to false?

  • An error is generated and the program stops.
  • The program will re-evaluate the condition.
  • The code block inside the if statement is executed.
  • The code block inside the if statement is ignored. (correct)

In the provided syntax for an if statement, what is the correct placement of the condition?

  • Inside the parentheses following the if keyword. (correct)
  • Before the if keyword.
  • At the end of the entire if statement.
  • Within the curly braces following the if statement.

Which of the following correctly identifies when the block of code inside an if statement is executed?

  • When the condition evaluates to true. (correct)
  • When the condition evaluates to false.
  • When the code inside curly braces is empty.
  • When there is additional conditional logic present.

What is the initial value of 'age' in the example given?

<p>16 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the output if 'age' were set to 19 in the provided example?

<p>The output would be 18. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

if statement

A programming statement that lets your program make decisions based on whether a condition is true or false.

Condition in an if statement

A condition in an if statement is an expression that can be evaluated as either true or false.

Code Block in an if statement

A set of code instructions that are executed if the condition in an if statement is true.

How the if statement works

The if statement executes the code block only if the condition evaluates to true. If false, the code block is skipped.

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Curly braces in if statement

The curly braces { } enclose the code block that executes when the condition in the if statement evaluates to true.

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Study Notes

Basic if Statement

  • An if statement executes a block of code if a condition is true.
  • If the condition is false, the code block is skipped.
  • if (condition): The condition is evaluated.
  • {...}: Code to be executed if the condition is true.
  • Example: If age is 18 or greater, print "You are an adult."

if and else Statement

  • The if-else statement allows an alternative path of execution.
  • If the condition is true, one block of code is executed.
  • If the condition is false, a different block of code is executed.
  • if (condition): Code to execute if true
  • else: Code to execute if false

if, else if, and else Statement

  • This construct handles multiple conditions sequentially.
  • If the first if condition is false, the else if conditions are checked.
  • If none of the conditions are true, the else block executes.
  • if (condition1): code to execute if condition1 is true
  • else if (condition2): code to execute if condition1 is false and condition2 is true
  • else: code to execute if none of the above conditions are true

Nested if Statements

  • Nesting allows for more complex decision-making.
  • if statements can be placed inside other if or else blocks.
  • Example: Checking age and income to determine loan eligibility.

Ladder of if, else if, and else Statements

  • Multiple conditions are checked sequentially.
  • The first condition that evaluates to true triggers its associated code block.
  • Example: Determining a grade based on a score.

Switch Statement in C++

  • A control flow structure to test a variable against a list of values (cases).
  • Used as an alternative to multiple if-else statements, particularly when dealing with multiple conditions based on a single variable.
  • switch (expression): Evaluates a value.
  • case constant:: Block of code executed if the expression matches the constant.
  • break: Exits the switch statement after the matching case.
  • default: Executed if no case matches the value.
  • The expression in a switch statement is typically an integer or enum.

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Related Documents

Control Statements If - Theory Notes PDF

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