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Questions and Answers
A spider inherits one allele for silk flexibility from its mother and one from its father. If the mother has the genotype V1V3 and the father has the genotype V3V3, what is the probability of their offspring having no silk?
A spider inherits one allele for silk flexibility from its mother and one from its father. If the mother has the genotype V1V3 and the father has the genotype V3V3, what is the probability of their offspring having no silk?
- 25%
- 75%
- 50% (correct)
- 0%
If a spider has the genotype V1V1, what is its phenotype?
If a spider has the genotype V1V1, what is its phenotype?
- High silk flexibility (correct)
- Variable silk flexibility depending on environmental factors
- Low silk flexibility
- No silk
Which best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
Which best describes the relationship between genotype and phenotype?
- Genotype provides the genetic blueprint, but phenotype can be influenced by environmental factors. (correct)
- Genotype directly determines phenotype, with no external influences.
- Genotype and phenotype are independent of each other and have no relationship.
- Phenotype determines genotype based on the observed traits.
If two spiders, both heterozygous for silk flexibility (V1V3), mate, what is the expected ratio of offspring with high silk flexibility to offspring with no silk?
If two spiders, both heterozygous for silk flexibility (V1V3), mate, what is the expected ratio of offspring with high silk flexibility to offspring with no silk?
What is the term used to describe the situation when an organism has two identical alleles for a particular gene?
What is the term used to describe the situation when an organism has two identical alleles for a particular gene?
Which of the following is an example of a recessive trait?
Which of the following is an example of a recessive trait?
A spider with the genotype V1V3 exhibits high silk flexibility because:
A spider with the genotype V1V3 exhibits high silk flexibility because:
The inheritance pattern described in this text is known as:
The inheritance pattern described in this text is known as:
Flashcards
Alleles
Alleles
Different forms of the same gene, e.g., V1 and V3.
Genotype
Genotype
The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by alleles.
Phenotype
Phenotype
The observable traits of an organism influenced by genotype.
Dominant Trait
Dominant Trait
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Recessive Trait
Recessive Trait
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Homozygous
Homozygous
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Heterozygous
Heterozygous
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Punnett Square
Punnett Square
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Study Notes
Basic Genetics Concepts
- Traits: Inherited characteristics, like silk flexibility in spiders.
- Genes: Determine traits; located on chromosomes.
- Alleles: Different versions of a gene.
- Genotype: The genetic makeup (e.g., V1V1, V1V3).
- Phenotype: Observable trait influenced by the genotype (e.g., high silk flexibility).
Dominant and Recessive Traits
- Dominant trait: Expressed even when only one copy of the dominant allele is present.
- Recessive trait: Expressed only when two copies of the recessive allele are present.
Genotypes Explained
- Homozygous: Both alleles for a gene are the same.
- Homozygous dominant: (e.g., V1V1) - shows the dominant trait.
- Homozygous recessive: (e.g., V3V3) - shows the recessive trait.
- Heterozygous: The alleles for a gene are different. (e.g., V1V3).
Punnett Squares
- Punnett squares: Used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring from known parental genotypes. A 50/50 chance of each offspring receiving a specific allele from a parent.
Inheritance Patterns
- Autosomal inheritance: Traits are inherited on non-sex chromosomes.
- Mendelian genetics: Basic principles of inheritance, including dominance.
Key Alleles in Spider Example
- V1: Dominant allele; high silk flexibility
- V3: Recessive allele; no silk (only expressed if V3V3).
Genotype-Phenotype Relationship
- Genotype (allele combination) directly impacts the phenotype (observable trait).
Example Genotype Interpretations
- V1V1: High silk flexibility.
- V1V3: High silk flexibility (V1 is dominant).
- V3V3: No silk (V3 is recessive, two copies needed).
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