Basic EKG Interpretation
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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum duration a QRS complex should measure?

  • 0.15 seconds
  • 0.10 seconds
  • 0.12 seconds (correct)
  • 0.08 seconds
  • Which aspect of the T-wave is typically noted in standard ECG interpretation?

  • It should be flat and inverted
  • It should be round and upright in most leads (correct)
  • It should be absent in many leads
  • It should precede the QRS complex
  • What does the 'P' in P-wave stand for in ECG interpretation?

  • Potential
  • Pulse (correct)
  • Power
  • Pressure
  • Which statement accurately describes the relationship between a P-wave and a QRS complex?

    <p>Every P-wave should be followed by a QRS complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In order to interpret a normal sinus rhythm, what factor is NOT important?

    <p>Origin of the impulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies a characteristic of Atrial Fibrillation on an ECG?

    <p>Absence of P-waves with irregular QRS complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of an ECG interpretation, what does 'Regularity, Rate, Resemblance' refer to?

    <p>It is used for analyzing P-wave characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct description of Asystole based on ECG findings?

    <p>Absence of electrical activity leading to cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the electrical conduction system in the heart?

    <p>To send electrical signals that trigger heart muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the state of heart muscle cells when they are charged and at rest?

    <p>Polarized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of depolarization in heart muscle cells?

    <p>Contraction of the muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sequence correctly describes the flow of deoxygenated blood through the heart?

    <p>Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the heart does the electrical conduction signal typically originate?

    <p>Sinoatrial node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What rhythm is created when the electrical conduction system functions properly?

    <p>Normal Sinus Rhythm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to heart muscle cells after they become depolarized?

    <p>They become repolarized and relax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valves are involved in the blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle?

    <p>Mitral and Aortic valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the P wave in an ECG waveform primarily represent?

    <p>Atrial contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ECG waveform demonstrates the delay created by the AV node?

    <p>PR segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the QRS complex specifically indicate in terms of heart activity?

    <p>Ventricular depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the QT interval begin and end in the ECG waveform?

    <p>From the start of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reflected during the ST segment of an ECG?

    <p>Completion of ventricular depolarization and start of repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The T wave in an ECG waveform indicates what phase of heart activity?

    <p>Ventricular repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the PR interval is incorrect?

    <p>It starts at the end of the P wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during atrial depolarization as represented in the ECG?

    <p>The atria contract to push blood into the ventricles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

    • An electrocardiogram is a test that evaluates the electrical conduction system of the heart, detecting dysrhythmias and other cardiac conditions.

    Blood Flow of the Heart

    • Blood flow starts with deoxygenated blood entering the right atrium, then passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
    • Blood is pumped up through the pulmonic valve into the pulmonary artery and transported to the lungs for gas exchange, becoming oxygenated.
    • Oxygen-rich blood fills the left atrium, flows through the mitral valve into the left ventricle, and is pumped through the aortic valve into the aorta, supplying the body.

    Electrical Conduction System

    • The heart's pumping action relies on the electrical conduction system, which triggers contractions and relaxations through electrical signals.
    • Electrical stimulation leads to depolarization (contraction) and repolarization (rest and relaxation) of heart muscle cells.

    Key Components of the Electrical System

    • SA Node (Sinoatrial Node): Primary pacemaker initiating electrical impulses.
    • AV Node (Atrioventricular Node): Acts as a gatekeeper, allowing time for the atria to empty blood into the ventricles.
    • Bundle of His, Bundle of Branches, Purkinje Fibers: Conduct impulses throughout the ventricles.

    Normal Sinus Rhythm and Dysrhythmias

    • Normal functioning of the electrical conduction system produces Normal Sinus Rhythm on an ECG.
    • Dysrhythmias may occur if there are issues in the conduction system, including atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.

    ECG Waveform Components

    • P Wave: Indicates atrial depolarization (atria contraction).
    • PR Segment: Represents the delay at the AV node.
    • PR Interval: Time for the electrical signal to travel from atria to AV node.
    • QRS Complex: Represents ventricle depolarization (ventricle contraction) and encompasses atrial repolarization.
    • ST Segment: Indicates completion of ventricular depolarization and the start of repolarization.
    • T Wave: Shows the beginning of ventricular repolarization (ventricle relaxation).
    • QT Interval: Measures total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization.

    QRS Complex Characteristics

    • The QRS complex follows every P wave and should measure no more than 0.12 seconds.
    • Proper assessment includes Regularity, Rate, and Resemblance (all referred to as the "3 R's").

    Types of ECG Strips

    • Normal Sinus Rhythm: Regular rhythm with appropriate intervals.
    • Sinus Bradycardia: Heart rate lower than normal.
    • Sinus Tachycardia: Heart rate higher than normal.
    • Atrial Fibrillation: Irregular heart rhythm with no discernible pattern.
    • Atrial Flutter: Rapid heart rates with a regular rhythm.
    • Ventricular Tachycardia: Can be monomorphic or polymorphic, characterized by rapid heart rates.
    • Ventricular Fibrillation: Chaotic heart rhythm requiring immediate intervention.
    • Asystole: Indicates cardiac arrest, no electrical activity.

    Monitoring Equipment and Lead Placement

    • Monitoring equipment tracks heart activity using leads.
    • Proper lead placement is crucial for accurate readings from the electrocardiogram.

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    Related Documents

    EKG LECTURE.docx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on EKG interpretations and the fundamental concepts of heart blood flow. This quiz covers essential terms and the role of the electrocardiogram in diagnosing cardiac conditions. Perfect for those studying cardiac physiology or medical professionals.

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