23 Questions
Which type of cells are considered part of the innate immune system?
Natural killer cells
Where does the activation of adaptive cells occur in the immune system?
Lymph nodes
What is the main function of primary lymphoid organs in the immune system?
Maturation of T cells
In general terms, how do white blood cells get to the site of infection?
Through the bloodstream
What is the main principle related to an immune response that involves distinguishing self from non-self?
Recognition and self-discrimination
Which component is not typically associated with the innate immune response?
Memory B cells
What is the function of T cell receptors (TCR) in response to antigen?
Recognition of antigen
Which property is a characteristic of adaptive immune system that allows it to recognize specific antigens?
Diversity
What triggers additional functions in the immune system?
Cytokines & antibodies
Which cells traffic to the site of infection as part of the immune response?
Effector T cells
What is the main function of killer T cells in the immune system?
Kill infected cells
Which type of response is characterized by a booster response upon re-exposure to an antigen?
Secondary response
How does the immune system recognize invading material?
By recognizing Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)
What is a characteristic of the cognitive phase in adaptive immunity?
Each cell expresses receptors specific to one antigen
Which type of receptors are toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
Type 3 PRRs – Signaling receptors
What is the role of mannose binding lectin in innate immunity?
Circulates in blood and lymph to bind to bacteria
What is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?
Second response against pathogen is better, faster, and stronger than the first
What is the main function of B cell receptor (BCR) in the adaptive immune system?
Recognition of many different kinds of antigens
What do Nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs) recognize?
Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)
What is the expansion process for unique cell surface receptors in adaptive immunity?
Rearrangement of genes encoding the receptor upon antigen recognition
"Natural Killer" cells are part of which type of immunity?
cell-mediated immunity
What type of receptors are C-type lectin receptors and C-reactive protein?
Type 1 PRRs – Secreted PRRs
What is a characteristic of the innate immune system?
Immediate response upon recognition of antigens
Study Notes
- The text is about a course on Immunology and Medical Microbiology at Ross University School of Medicine, taught by Professor Raymond F Adebiyi.
- The course covers the functions and disorders of the immune system, with required and suggested reading materials provided.
- The learning objectives of the course include understanding the cells of the immune system, their functions, the role of primary and secondary lymphoid organs, the immune response and its principles, the characteristics of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and various applications of immunology.
- The immune system is based on two principles: recognition and self-discrimination.
- Cells of the immune system include lymphocytes, phagocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and complement components.
- Innate immune responses include natural barriers, phagocytes, complement system, and cytokine production.
- Adaptive immune responses involve antigen-specific recognition, clonal expansion, memory, and diversity.
- Innate immune recognition is initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that bind to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), while adaptive immune recognition is mediated by unique cell surface receptors (BCR and TCR) that bind to specific antigens.
- The immune response involves several phases: cognitive, activation, and effector phases.
- Innate immunity triggers responses through limited cognitive functions and relies on predetermined specificity, while adaptive immunity offers specificity and diversity through unique cell surface receptors and clonal expansion.
- Adaptive immunity includes B cells, T cells, and cytokines, which recognize antigens, secrete antibodies, and help other cells in the immune response.
- The immune system has various applications, including protection from disease, treatment of diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis and B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), and vaccination prevention.
- The text covers the role of apoptosis in immunity and the differences between humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
- Topics also include the immune system's scope, prevention of disease through vaccination, and the immune response's phases: cognitive, activation, and effector phases.
Test your knowledge of basic concepts in immunity based on the resources required and suggested reading materials for the course. This quiz is designed for students of Ross University School of Medicine taking the immunology and medical microbiology course taught by Professor Raymond F Adebiyi.
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