Basic Concepts in Blood Banking
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Questions and Answers

What is the study of genes and heredity called?

  • Blood banking
  • Genetics (correct)
  • Transfusion medicine
  • Immunohematology

    • What is the inheritance pattern in humans, where each somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent?

  • Autosomal inheritance
  • Diploid inheritance (correct)
  • X-linked inheritance
  • Mendelian inheritance

    • Who first performed experiments revealing the existence of biological 'factors' responsible for transmitting traits from generation to generation?

  • Charles Darwin
  • Robert Koch
  • Augustinian monk Gregor Mendel (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

    • Which topic mainly covers the major events and developments in transfusion medicine over the years?

    <p>Introduction to blood banking / immunohematology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be used in the transfusion laboratory to identify some ways in which genetics can be used?

    <p>Blood group antigens and antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientific principles and analytical procedures first emerged in the 1860s as a result of Gregor Mendel's experiments?

    <p>Genetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the haploid number of chromosomes in human germ cells?

    <p>23 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic composition percentage that indicates no influence of the environment on the inheritance of the phenotype?

    <p>100% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the information required for the synthesis of a functional biological product?

    <p>Gene (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'recessive trait' refer to?

    <p>Trait that manifests only when the gene is in a homozygous state (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex chromosome complement for males and females?

    <p>XY for males, XX for females (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the observation traits of an individual produced by the interaction of genes and the environment?

    <p>Phenotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do alleles reside within the cell?

    <p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dominant trait' refers to which type of allele manifestation?

    <p>'Manifests itself even when an allele is in a heterozygous state' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Independent assortment' during meiosis refers to what process?

    <p>Random sorting of each chromosome into a daughter cell without linkage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Heritability' depends on which two variables?

    <p>'Genetic composition' and 'Environmental composition' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Augustinian monk performed a set of experiments that revealed the existence of biological 'factors' responsible for transmitting traits from generation to generation?

    <p>Gregor Mendel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of genes and heredity?

    <p>Genetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the pattern of inheritance where each somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent?

    <p>Mendelian inheritance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the scientific principles and analytical procedures that first emerged in the 1860s as a result of Gregor Mendel's experiments called?

    <p>Mendelian laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the observation of traits produced by the interaction of genes and the environment?

    <p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of allele manifestation does 'recessive trait' refer to?

    <p>Masked by a dominant allele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a segment of a DNA molecule that contains the information required for the synthesis of a functional biological product?

    <p>Gene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'independent assortment' during meiosis refer to?

    <p>Random sorting of each chromosome into a daughter cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sex chromosome complement for males and females?

    <p>XX for females, XY for males (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the observation traits of an individual produced by the interaction of genes and the environment?

    <p>Phenotype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic composition percentage that indicates no influence of the environment on the inheritance of the phenotype?

    <p>100% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Homozygous' refers to what condition?

    <p>The two alleles being identical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Heritability' depends on which two variables?

    <p>Genetic composition and environmental composition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Recessive trait' manifests only when the gene is in what state?

    <p>Homozygous state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Genetics

    The study of genes and heredity.

    Diploid inheritance

    Each somatic cell has two copies of each chromosome (one from each parent).

    Gregor Mendel

    Augustinian monk who discovered biological factors for traits.

    Blood banking/immunohematology

    Study of major events and developments in blood transfusions.

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    Blood group antigens/antibodies

    Used in transfusion labs to see how genetics can be used.

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    Mendelian laws

    Scientific principles from Mendel's experiments.

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    Haploid number (human germ cells)

    23 chromosomes in human sex cells.

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    Gene

    DNA segment for a functional biological product.

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    Recessive trait

    Trait only shows up if both alleles are the same.

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    Sex chromosomes (male)

    XY combination.

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    Sex chromosomes (female)

    XX combination.

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    Phenotype

    Observed traits from genes and environment.

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    Alleles

    Versions of a gene.

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    Nucleus

    Location of alleles within a cell.

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    Dominant trait

    Trait shown even with one copy of the allele.

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    Independent assortment

    Random chromosome distribution in meiosis.

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    Heritability

    Influence of genes and environment on traits.

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    100% heritability

    No environmental influence on the trait.

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    Homozygous

    Two identical alleles for a gene.

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    Mendelian inheritance

    Similar to diploid inheritance, each somatic cell contains two copies of each chromosome from each parent.

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