Basal Ganglia Structure and Disorders

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Questions and Answers

Which structure is found in the midbrain and is part of the basal ganglia?

  • Caudate nucleus
  • Globus pallidus
  • Substantia nigra (correct)
  • Putamen

What is the primary function of the basal ganglia in movement regulation?

  • Enabling desired movements and inhibiting unintended ones (correct)
  • Maintaining balance and posture
  • Coordinating muscle contractions
  • Initiating reflex actions

Which part of the basal ganglia is subdivided into the caudate and lentiform nuclei?

  • Broca's area
  • Subthalamic nucleus
  • Substantia nigra
  • Corpus striatum (correct)

Which of the following segments is NOT part of the lentiform nucleus?

<p>Substantia nigra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms the striatum in the basal ganglia?

<p>Caudate nucleus and putamen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the caudate nucleus is the largest?

<p>Head (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the globus pallidus is located more laterally?

<p>Lateral segment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'basal ganglion' generally refers to how many structures?

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lentiform nucleus is wedge-shaped and primarily includes which structures?

<p>Putamen and globus pallidus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by degeneration in the basal ganglia and primarily affects voluntary movements?

<p>Parkinson's disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the two masses of grey matter in the striatum?

<p>The internal capsule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the globus pallidus?

<p>It is divided into lateral and medial segments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the basal ganglia?

<p>Regulating and integrating voluntary motor activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nuclei are involved in exerting control over the globus pallidus?

<p>The striatum and subthalamic nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the effects of abnormalities in the basal ganglia?

<p>Movement disorders like Parkinson and Huntington diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one cognitive function of the basal ganglia?

<p>Enabling various cognitive, executive, or emotional programs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of loss of control from the substantia nigra on the striatum?

<p>An imbalance in the direct and indirect pathways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two structures are identified as the primary components of the striatum?

<p>The caudate nucleus and the putamen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true concerning the basal ganglia's involvement in emotional function?

<p>They regulate facial expressions which are an aspect of emotional function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the globus pallidus in terms of its target interactions?

<p>It has inhibitory effects on its targets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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