Basal Ganglia and Neurotransmission Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a key neurotransmitter system implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia?

  • Serotonergic system
  • Noradrenergic system
  • Cholinergic system
  • Dopaminergic system (correct)

What type of receptor is primarily responsible for the rapid, excitatory effects of the neurotransmitter glutamate in the central nervous system?

  • Kainate receptor
  • NMDA receptor
  • Metabotropic glutamate receptor
  • AMPA receptor (correct)

Which of the following is considered a leading genetic risk factor for the development of schizophrenia?

  • Overexpression of the APOE gene
  • Polymorphism in the DRD2 gene
  • Deletion in the 22q11.2 chromosomal region (correct)
  • Mutation in the BRCA1 gene

Which of the following neurotransmitter receptors is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia?

<p>NMDA receptor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a proposed mechanism by which environmental factors, such as maternal infection during pregnancy, may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia?

<p>Activation of the immune system and neuroinflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key mechanism by which antipsychotic medications exert their therapeutic effects in the treatment of schizophrenia?

<p>Blockade of dopamine D2 receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is involved in modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity and behavior in schizophrenia?

<p>GATAD2A (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is responsible for breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes related to schizophrenia?

<p>GATAD2A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is associated with neuron development and synapse formation in the context of schizophrenia?

<p>MMP16 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene enables protein-macromolecule adaptor activity and is involved in negative regulation of transcription in schizophrenia?

<p>TCF-4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function do proteasomes cleave peptides in an ATP- and ubiquitin-dependent manner in schizophrenia?

<p>MMP16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation related to schizophrenia?

<p>PSMA4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?

<p>Glutamate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter is associated with the reward system through CB1R activation?

<p>Endocannabinoids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In schizophrenia, what pathway is associated with positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions?

<p>Mesolimbic pathway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with schizophrenia psychopathology?

<p>Memory loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible cause of schizophrenia related to neurotransmitters?

<p>Shortage of dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ionotropic receptor type is implicated in schizophrenia, particularly in relation to dopamine imbalance?

<p>Dopamine receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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