Ballistic Weapons and War Injuries

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Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of blast injuries?

Primary blast injury

Quaternary blast injury

Quinary blast injury (correct)

Tertiary blast injury

What is the method of choice for high energy open fractures?

Traction

External fixation (correct)

Splintage

Internal fixation

Which of the following is NOT an indication for external fixation?

Impending open fracture

Closed fractures that are difficult to splint during long transport

Open fractures of the lower limb

Impending closed fracture (correct)

What is the most common pattern of injury seen in blast injuries?

Fractures Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the treatment of blast injuries?

History and physical examination Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of fracture stabilization in blast injuries?

A & C Signup and view all the answers

What are the complications of external fixation?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for missile removal?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for retained missiles that are small, innocent, and inaccessible?

Leave them in the body Signup and view all the answers

What are the common causes of blast injuries?

Explosive munitions and terrorist attacks Signup and view all the answers

Which type of weapons are divided into small arms?

Pistols and rifles Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine the extent of injury caused by small arms?

All of them Signup and view all the answers

What is the permanent cavity in small arm injuries?

A localized area of cell necrosis caused by direct injury of the missile along its path Signup and view all the answers

What is the temporary cavity in small arm injuries?

A displacement of elastic tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue may injured in the area of the temporary cavity?

Bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for small arm injuries in the emergency phase?

Stopping bleeding and general resuscitation Signup and view all the answers

What is the definitive treatment for soft tissue injuries caused by low velocity missiles?

Superficial debridement if the entry and exit wounds are clean Signup and view all the answers

What is the definitive treatment for soft tissue injuries caused by high velocity missiles?

Thorough debridement and excision of all dead tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cleaning the wound in high velocity missile injuries?

To remove all dead tissue Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the blood supply to elastic tissues in the temporary cavity is intact?

No excision is needed Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blast injury is caused by the direct effect of blast over pressure on the tissue, leading to complete or incomplete amputation and injury to gas-containing organs?

Primary blast injury Signup and view all the answers

What type of blast injury is characterized by penetrating injuries caused by weapon shell and shrapnel, as well as fragments resulting from the explosion?

Secondary blast injury Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blast injury is caused by the displacement of the body due to the shock wave striking other objects?

Tertiary blast injury Signup and view all the answers

Which method of fracture stabilization is the method of choice for high energy open fractures?

External fixation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using external fixation as a temporary fracture stabilizer?

To reduce the risk of infection Signup and view all the answers

Splitage is used for fracture stabilization in all of the following except

For high energy open fractures Signup and view all the answers