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Questions and Answers
What is required to balance the half-reaction for MnO4-?
What is required to balance the half-reaction for MnO4-?
- 2 Mn2+
- 10 e-
- 16 H+ (correct)
- 8 H+
What happens to the electrons when the two half-reactions are combined?
What happens to the electrons when the two half-reactions are combined?
- They are ignored during balancing.
- They add up to more than 10.
- They cancel out completely. (correct)
- They remain part of the final equation.
What is plentiful in an acidic medium that affects redox reactions?
What is plentiful in an acidic medium that affects redox reactions?
- H3O+ ions
- H2O molecules and H+ ions (correct)
- H2O and OH- ions
- OH- ions
Which ions are scarce in basic medium during the balancing of redox reactions?
Which ions are scarce in basic medium during the balancing of redox reactions?
What does the final balanced equation indicate about mass and charge?
What does the final balanced equation indicate about mass and charge?
Which of the following is true regarding balancing in a basic medium?
Which of the following is true regarding balancing in a basic medium?
What is done with the H+ ions in a basic medium equation?
What is done with the H+ ions in a basic medium equation?
How many OH- ions need to be added to the equation if there are 16 H+ ions?
How many OH- ions need to be added to the equation if there are 16 H+ ions?
What do H+ and OH- ions form when combined?
What do H+ and OH- ions form when combined?
When the reaction is balanced for a basic medium, what is expected to appear in the final balanced equation?
When the reaction is balanced for a basic medium, what is expected to appear in the final balanced equation?
In a reaction occurring in acidic medium, what is the role of H+ ions?
In a reaction occurring in acidic medium, what is the role of H+ ions?
What happens to the water molecules in the final equation after balancing?
What happens to the water molecules in the final equation after balancing?
Which of the following represents the correct transformation when moving from acidic to basic medium?
Which of the following represents the correct transformation when moving from acidic to basic medium?
What is the final balanced equation for the reaction in basic medium?
What is the final balanced equation for the reaction in basic medium?
What type of reaction occurs at the anode in a voltaic cell?
What type of reaction occurs at the anode in a voltaic cell?
Which mnemonic can help remember the relationship between anode and oxidation?
Which mnemonic can help remember the relationship between anode and oxidation?
Which element undergoes reduction in the half-reaction Fe3+ + H2 + OH- → Fe2+ + 2 H2O?
Which element undergoes reduction in the half-reaction Fe3+ + H2 + OH- → Fe2+ + 2 H2O?
What is the meaning of OIL in the OIL RIG mnemonic?
What is the meaning of OIL in the OIL RIG mnemonic?
What occurs at the cathode in a voltaic cell?
What occurs at the cathode in a voltaic cell?
In the reaction 2 Al + 3 Zn2+ + 8 OH- → 2 Al(OH)4- + 3 Zn, which species is reduced?
In the reaction 2 Al + 3 Zn2+ + 8 OH- → 2 Al(OH)4- + 3 Zn, which species is reduced?
How did early chemists classify metals before the invention of the Periodic Table?
How did early chemists classify metals before the invention of the Periodic Table?
What does the 'R' in the OIL RIG mnemonic represent?
What does the 'R' in the OIL RIG mnemonic represent?
What is formed when Cu2+ and Mn2+ combine in a basic solution?
What is formed when Cu2+ and Mn2+ combine in a basic solution?
Who discovered the concept of a battery known as the voltaic pile?
Who discovered the concept of a battery known as the voltaic pile?
Which electrode receives the flow of electricity from the electrolyte in a voltaic cell?
Which electrode receives the flow of electricity from the electrolyte in a voltaic cell?
What substance was used to connect the dissimilar metals in Volta's battery?
What substance was used to connect the dissimilar metals in Volta's battery?
Which term did Michael Faraday introduce to describe the metals in a battery?
Which term did Michael Faraday introduce to describe the metals in a battery?
What misconception did early scientists have about electricity?
What misconception did early scientists have about electricity?
What ions precipitate in the reaction involving Cu2+ and MnO4- in basic conditions?
What ions precipitate in the reaction involving Cu2+ and MnO4- in basic conditions?
Which solution type causes MnO4- to convert to Mn2+ in a redox reaction?
Which solution type causes MnO4- to convert to Mn2+ in a redox reaction?
What is the first step in balancing half-reactions?
What is the first step in balancing half-reactions?
How do you balance oxygen atoms in a half-reaction?
How do you balance oxygen atoms in a half-reaction?
In the half-reaction Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-, how is the charge balanced?
In the half-reaction Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-, how is the charge balanced?
Which step involves balancing hydrogen in a half-reaction?
Which step involves balancing hydrogen in a half-reaction?
What must be true about the total numbers of atoms when balancing half-reactions?
What must be true about the total numbers of atoms when balancing half-reactions?
How do you balance the half-reaction MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O?
How do you balance the half-reaction MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O?
What charge is assigned to the left side of the half-reaction Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-?
What charge is assigned to the left side of the half-reaction Cu → Cu2+ + 2e-?
Why is it necessary to balance charges in a half-reaction?
Why is it necessary to balance charges in a half-reaction?
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Study Notes
Balancing Redox Reactions
- The ion-electron method balances redox reactions by ensuring the same number of atoms and charges on both sides of the equation.
- The method involves dividing the reaction into half-reactions, balancing each separately, and then combining them.
- Balancing half-reactions involves balancing elements (except hydrogen or oxygen), oxygen by adding H2O, hydrogen by adding H+, and charges by adding electrons.
- In basic medium, after combining balanced half-reactions, OH- ions are added to both sides of the equation to neutralize H+ ions.
Voltaic Cell
- Voltaic cells use redox reactions to generate electricity.
- Two dissimilar metals, called electrodes, are connected by an electrolyte (a solution that conducts electricity).
- The electrode where oxidation occurs is called the anode, and the electrode where reduction occurs is called the cathode.
- The anode loses electrons, while the cathode gains electrons.
- Mnemonic: Anode-Oxidation (both begin with vowels), Cathode-Reduction (both begin with consonants).
- OIL RIG: Oxidation-Loss of Electrons, Reduction-Gain of Electrons.
Activity Series and Electromotive Force
- The activity series classifies metals based on their reactivity with water.
- The electromotive force (EMF) is the potential difference (voltage) between two electrodes in a voltaic cell.
- The EMF depends on the specific metals used and the concentration of the electrolyte.
- Higher EMF indicates a greater tendency for the redox reaction to occur.
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