Bakteriolohian: Kinalamten yan Hemolysis
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Questions and Answers

Håfa i kinalamten nai i coagulase test para i Staphylococcus Epidermidis?

  • Tåtte
  • Fotu
  • Negatibu (correct)
  • Positibu

    • Håfa i hemolysis para i Staphylococcus Aureus?

  • Beta hemolysis (correct)
  • Alpha hemolysis
  • Non-hemolytic
  • Inkompleto hemolysis

    • Håfa i kinalamten nai i novobiocin para i Staphylococcus Saprophyticus?

  • Disulfas
  • Negatibu
  • Sensitibu
  • Resistente (correct)

    • Håfa i hemolysis para i Streptococcus Pneumoniae?

    <p>Alpha hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i kinalamten nai i catalase test para i Streptococcus Pneumoniae?

    <p>Negatibu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    I na'an na Streptococcus Pyogenes siha como na chalan un maolek gi?

    <p>Na'fan cho'cho' na kolonias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i definision na ni' manmanu si Enterococcus Fecalis?

    <p>Gram positive cocci gi pares yan pot para</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa na specimen i chahu gi Neisseria Meningitidis?

    <p>CSF, blood, yan nasopharyngeal swab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    I na'an na kolonias gi Neisseria Gonorrhoeae maolek na essensia?

    <p>Gram negative diplococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hva' i uluh gi laboratorion para i Clostridia?

    <p>Selective medium gi sūm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i intenion ni' Klebsiella Pneumoniae?

    <p>Causes pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i resulta yan i ginagao para i UTI koleksion?

    <p>Nasakbay na urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i gasentan nu i positive indole test?

    <p>Red ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa na fungul infektchong siha i inanna para i Candida Albicans?

    <p>Gram positive budding yeast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i mas hinos para i Mycobacterium Tuberculosis?

    <p>Sputum specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i gasentan nu i Pseudomonas Aeruginosa?

    <p>Chronic respiratory infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i mas hinos na specimen para i detection nu Plasmodium Falciparum?

    <p>Blood smear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i kasåt nu i Urease Positive test?

    <p>Detection of ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i inengen para i detection nu Syphilis?

    <p>Western Blot test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Håfa i resulta para i negative Indole Test?

    <p>No color change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gram-Positive Cocci

    • Staphylococcus: Gram-positive cocci in grape-like clusters.
      • Staphylococcus Aureus: Coagulase test positive, novobiocin sensitive, beta hemolysis.
      • Staphylococcus Epidermidis: Coagulase test negative, novobiocin sensitive, non-hemolytic.
      • Staphylococcus Saprophyticus: Coagulase test negative, novobiocin resistant, non-hemolytic.

    Coagulase Test

    • Used to differentiate Staphylococcus species.
      • Positive: Clot formation indicates Staphylococcus Aureus.
      • Negative: No clot formation indicates other Staphylococcus species (e.g., Epidermidis, Saprophyticus).

    Catalase Test

    • Used to differentiate bacterial species including Staphylococcus species.
      • Positive: Bubbles formation indicates a positive test.
      • Negative: No bubble formation indicates a negative test.

    Gram-Positive Bacteria with Spores - Clostridia

    • Clostridia: Gram-positive bacilli with spores.
      • Lab diagnosis: Stool culture, toxin detection, PCR.
      • Causes: Diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis.

    Gram-Negative Bacteria

    • Escherichia coli: Gram-negative bacilli.
      • Causes: Urinary tract infections, systemic infections, meningitis.
      • Specimen: Urine, stool, wound swab, blood.
      • Identification: MacConkey Agar (pink colonies), Indole test.

    Streptococcus

    • Streptococcus Pneumoniae:
      • Gram-positive cocci in chains.
      • Catalase: Negative
      • Hemolysis: Alpha hemolysis, sensitive to Optochin.
    • Streptococcus Pyogenes:

      • Gram-positive cocci in chains.

      • Catalase: Negative

      • Hemolysis: Beta hemolysis

      • Identify with various tests (e.g., Bacitracin test, specific media)

    Enterococcus Fecalis

    • Enterococcus Fecalis: Gram-positive cocci in pairs or short chains.
      • Identification: Non-hemolytic blood agar, negative catalase test, and black colonies.

    Neisseria

    • Neisseria Meningitidis: Gram-negative cocci, diplococci

      • Causes: Meningitis
      • Specimen: CSF, blood, nasopharyngeal swab.
      • Identification: Oxidase and Catalase positive

    • Neisseria Gonorrhoeae: Gram-negative cocci, diplococci

      • Causes: Gonorrhea
      • Specimen: Urethral swab (males), cervical swab (females)
      • Identification: Oxidase and Catalase positive. Thayer-Martin Medium.

    Klebsiella Pneumoniae

    • Gram-negative bacilli, capsulated
      • Causes: Pneumonia and other infections.
      • Specimen: Sputum, body fluids
      • Characteristics: Large mucoid pink colonies on MacConkey agar, negative Indole test.

    Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

    • Gram-negative bacillus.
      • Causes: Urinary tract infection, nosocomial infections, pneumonia.
      • Identification: MacConkey non-lactose fermenting, Oxidase test positive

    Helicobacter Pylori

    • Bacteria
      • Causes: Gastritis, peptic ulcers (stomach)
      • Identification: Warthin-Starry Silver Stain, Urease Positive Test

    Mycobacteria and Spirochetes

    • Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB):

      • Acid-fast bacilli
      • Specimen: Sputum, bronchial washings, lung tissues.
      • Identification: Lowenstein-Jensen medium

    • Treponema pallidum (syphilis):

      • Spirochete
      • Detection: TPHA, Dark Field Microscopy, VDRL.

    Fungal Infections (Candida Albicans, Aspergillus)

    • Candida Albicans Gram-positive budding yeast cells with pseudohyphae
      • Characteristics: White pasty colonies like cottage cheese
    • Aspergillus: Mold.
      • Characteristics: Green velvety colonies, black granular colonies, lactophenol cotton blue.

    Parasites (Plasmodium Falciparum)

    • Plasmodium Falciparum: Causes malaria (fever)
      • Identification Ring-shaped trophozoites, gametocytes (crescent shape) in red blood cells

    Treponema pallidum

    • Causes syphilis
      • Identification: Dark field Microscopy, Silver stain, non specific and specific tests.

    Helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides)

    • Ascaris lumbricoides:
      • Causes gastrointestinal disorders.
      • Identification: Fecal analysis, look for eggs with oval shape and irregular surface, bile stained.

    Viral-Associated Tests

    • HIV:
      • Detection: ELISA, Rapid test (Immunochromatography), Western blot.

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    Description

    Este na kuiz giya bakteriolohian na kinalamten yan hemolysis para i varias bacterium. Håfa i kinalamten ni' i coagulase test, hemolysis, yan i antrada na bakteria komprende i Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, yan Neisseria. Maolek este na kuiz para i manhihita gi laboratorio.

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