Bacterial vs Viral Infections Quiz

Study Notes

Comparison of Bacterial and Viral Infections: Key Facts and Figures

Bacterial:

Rickettsia are a group of Gram-negative bacteria found in ticks, lice, fleas, mites, chiggers, and mammals.
They cause zoonotic infections that disseminate in the blood to many organs.
Rickettsial pox, caused by R. akari, is transmitted by house mouse mites and mainly circulates in urban centers in various countries, including the US.
The incubation period for rickettsial infections is 2-14 days, and the mode of transmission is through the bite of infected ticks or mites or by the feces of infected lice or fleas.
Two types of vaccines against rickettsial infections have been developed and used in humans, whole killed bacteria and live attenuated rickettsiae.
The signs and symptoms of rickettsial infections include high fever, chills, severe headache, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting, confusion or other neurological changes, and a distinctive rash.
Diagnosis of rickettsial infections is often difficult, but laboratory tests can check a blood sample, rash specimen, or the tick itself for evidence of the organism that causes the infection.
Treatment for Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a type of rickettsial infection, involves early antibiotic therapy with doxycycline or chloramphenicol.

Viral:

HIV is a virus that damages the immune system and makes a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases.
HIV-1 is the most common type and the infectious agent that has led to the worldwide AIDS epidemic.
The AIDS incubation period is the duration of time from initial infection with HIV to the development of symptoms of the disease, which can vary widely.
HIV is spread mainly by having sex or sharing injection drug equipment, such as needles, with someone who has HIV.
There is no vaccine for HIV.
The signs and symptoms of acute HIV infection include fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and mouth ulcers.
Diagnosis of HIV and AIDS involves primary tests such as the ELISA test and confirmation with the Western blot test.
The main treatment for HIV is antiretroviral therapy, a combination of daily medications that stop the virus from reproducing and help protect CD4 cells to keep the immune system strong enough to fight off disease.

Description

Test your knowledge on bacterial and viral infections with our quiz! Learn about the key facts and figures related to these two types of infections, such as transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Discover the differences between bacterial infections caused by Rickettsia and viral infections such as HIV. This quiz is perfect for anyone interested in learning more about these types of infections or preparing for a healthcare exam.