Bacterial Toxins and Their Effects
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Questions and Answers

Which toxin causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis?

  • Enterotoxins
  • Hemolysins
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin (TSST)
  • Exfoliative toxin (correct)
  • What is the role of Hemolysins?

  • Leading to toxic shock syndrome
  • Destroying RBCs (correct)
  • Inducing gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Causing scalded skin syndrome
  • What is the characteristic feature of Toxic Shock Syndrome?

  • Inducing gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Destruction of hair follicles
  • Skin peels away (correct)
  • Formation of abscesses
  • How does S.aureus typically spread in the community?

    <p>Through contact with skin lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common factors that may make an individual prone to S.aureus infection?

    <p>Tissue injury and diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of localized cutaneous Staphylococcal infections?

    <p>Mild inflammation of hair follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of impetigo?

    <p>Bubble-like epidermal swellings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe a cluster of furuncles?

    <p>Carbuncle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which infection results in blistering and peeling away of outer skin layers?

    <p>Scalded skin syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common clinical symptoms of bacterial endocarditis?

    <p>Severe weakness, persistent fever, chills, sweats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the presence of bacteria in the blood?

    <p>Bacteremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes inflammation of bone and marrow or bone marrow?

    <p>Red and tender abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of toxic shock syndrome caused by toxigenic Staphylococcal strains?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacterial infections primarily affects menstruating females?

    <p>Toxic shock syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a high mortality rate among hospital patients with chronic diseases?

    <p>Staphylococcal bacteremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections is characterized by inflammation of the lung?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom not associated with toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Severe joint pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which form do staphylococci account for only a small percentage of cases but is very severe?

    <p>Meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of bacterial pneumonia?

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Branhamella catarrhalis normally found in the human body?

    <p>Nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Gram-negative coccus can cause nosocomial infections and survive on fomites?

    <p>Acinetobacter baumannii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing factor between Branhamella catarrhalis and the meningococcus?

    <p>Host preference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Gram-positive coccus causes pneumococcal pneumonia?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia?

    <p>Pneumococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of otitis media in young children?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterium is often responsible for bacterial pneumonia?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic can help differentiate various strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

    <p>Surface antigens in the Quellung test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is often associated with pneumococcal pneumonia?

    <p>Difficulty in breathing (dyspnea)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of colonies does Streptococcus pneumoniae form on blood agar?

    <p>Small mucoid colonies with a central depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

    <p>Lack of capsules</p> Signup and view all the answers

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