Bacterial Toxins and Their Effects

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Questions and Answers

Which toxin causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis?

  • Enterotoxins
  • Hemolysins
  • Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin (TSST)
  • Exfoliative toxin (correct)

What is the role of Hemolysins?

  • Leading to toxic shock syndrome
  • Destroying RBCs (correct)
  • Inducing gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Causing scalded skin syndrome

What is the characteristic feature of Toxic Shock Syndrome?

  • Inducing gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Destruction of hair follicles
  • Skin peels away (correct)
  • Formation of abscesses

How does S.aureus typically spread in the community?

<p>Through contact with skin lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common factors that may make an individual prone to S.aureus infection?

<p>Tissue injury and diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of localized cutaneous Staphylococcal infections?

<p>Mild inflammation of hair follicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of impetigo?

<p>Bubble-like epidermal swellings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a cluster of furuncles?

<p>Carbuncle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection results in blistering and peeling away of outer skin layers?

<p>Scalded skin syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are common clinical symptoms of bacterial endocarditis?

<p>Severe weakness, persistent fever, chills, sweats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the presence of bacteria in the blood?

<p>Bacteremia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes inflammation of bone and marrow or bone marrow?

<p>Red and tender abscess (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark symptom of toxic shock syndrome caused by toxigenic Staphylococcal strains?

<p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacterial infections primarily affects menstruating females?

<p>Toxic shock syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a high mortality rate among hospital patients with chronic diseases?

<p>Staphylococcal bacteremia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following infections is characterized by inflammation of the lung?

<p>Pneumonia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom not associated with toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Severe joint pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which form do staphylococci account for only a small percentage of cases but is very severe?

<p>Meningitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of bacterial pneumonia?

<p>High fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Branhamella catarrhalis normally found in the human body?

<p>Nasopharynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Gram-negative coccus can cause nosocomial infections and survive on fomites?

<p>Acinetobacter baumannii (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing factor between Branhamella catarrhalis and the meningococcus?

<p>Host preference (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Gram-positive coccus causes pneumococcal pneumonia?

<p>Streptococcus pneumoniae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia?

<p>Pneumococci (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of otitis media in young children?

<p>Streptococcus pneumoniae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is often responsible for bacterial pneumonia?

<p>Streptococcus pneumoniae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic can help differentiate various strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Surface antigens in the Quellung test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is often associated with pneumococcal pneumonia?

<p>Difficulty in breathing (dyspnea) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of colonies does Streptococcus pneumoniae form on blood agar?

<p>Small mucoid colonies with a central depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Lack of capsules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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