Podcast
Questions and Answers
ኣሰራርሓ ባክቴሪያዊ ህዋሳት (structures) ኣብ ምፍላይ ዝሕግዝ ኣካል ኣየናይ እዩ፧
ኣሰራርሓ ባክቴሪያዊ ህዋሳት (structures) ኣብ ምፍላይ ዝሕግዝ ኣካል ኣየናይ እዩ፧
ስነ-ፍጥረት ማለት እንታይ ማለት እዩ?
ስነ-ፍጥረት ማለት እንታይ ማለት እዩ?
ብባህርያቱ ኣብ ውሽጢ ህዋስ ዝነብር ተባሃሂሉ ዝርከብ ተህዋሲ እንታይ ማለት እዩ?
ብባህርያቱ ኣብ ውሽጢ ህዋስ ዝነብር ተባሃሂሉ ዝርከብ ተህዋሲ እንታይ ማለት እዩ?
ኣየኖት መለክዒታት ኢኻ ባክቴሪያ ንምጉጅጃል እትጥቀም?
ኣየኖት መለክዒታት ኢኻ ባክቴሪያ ንምጉጅጃል እትጥቀም?
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ስለምንታይ ንህያዋት ኣካላት ንመዳብ?
ስለምንታይ ንህያዋት ኣካላት ንመዳብ?
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ካርል ሊኔየስ (Carl Linnaeus) ንህይወት ዘለዎም ነገራት ብምንታይ መለለዪታት መሰረት ብምግባር ከፋፍልዎም፧
ካርል ሊኔየስ (Carl Linnaeus) ንህይወት ዘለዎም ነገራት ብምንታይ መለለዪታት መሰረት ብምግባር ከፋፍልዎም፧
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ኣየናይ እዩ ልክዕ ኣገባብ ኣጻጽሓ ስም ባክቴሪያ ብቢኖሚያል ስያመ (Binomial Nomenclature) ተጠቒምካ፧
ኣየናይ እዩ ልክዕ ኣገባብ ኣጻጽሓ ስም ባክቴሪያ ብቢኖሚያል ስያመ (Binomial Nomenclature) ተጠቒምካ፧
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ካፕሱል (Capsule) ኣብ ኩለን ህዋሳት ባክቴሪያ ኣሎ ድዩ፧
ካፕሱል (Capsule) ኣብ ኩለን ህዋሳት ባክቴሪያ ኣሎ ድዩ፧
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ኣብ ምደባ ባክቴሪያ፡ ኣየኖት መለለዪታት እዮም ቀንዲ ዝጥቀሙሉ፧
ኣብ ምደባ ባክቴሪያ፡ ኣየኖት መለለዪታት እዮም ቀንዲ ዝጥቀሙሉ፧
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ከም ምሳሌ ኣብ ሰብ ዝርከቡ ባእታታት ስም ምደባ (Classification) እንታይ እዩ፧
ከም ምሳሌ ኣብ ሰብ ዝርከቡ ባእታታት ስም ምደባ (Classification) እንታይ እዩ፧
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ንምንታይ እዩ ዋልታ ህዋስ (Cell wall) ንዋህዮ ባክቴሪያ ኣገዳሲ ዝኾነ፧
ንምንታይ እዩ ዋልታ ህዋስ (Cell wall) ንዋህዮ ባክቴሪያ ኣገዳሲ ዝኾነ፧
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ኣየናይ ባእታ እዩ ኣብ መንጎ ጀራም ፖዘቲቭን ጀራም ነጌቲቭን (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) ባክቴሪያ ፍልልይ ዘለዎም፧
ኣየናይ ባእታ እዩ ኣብ መንጎ ጀራም ፖዘቲቭን ጀራም ነጌቲቭን (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) ባክቴሪያ ፍልልይ ዘለዎም፧
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ቫይብሪዮ (Vibrio) እንታይ ዓይነት ቅርጺ ኣለዎ፧
ቫይብሪዮ (Vibrio) እንታይ ዓይነት ቅርጺ ኣለዎ፧
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ካብዞም ዝስዕቡ ባእታታት፡ ኣየኖት እዮም ኣብ ባክተሪያዊ ዋህሊብ (ሕዋስ)?
ካብዞም ዝስዕቡ ባእታታት፡ ኣየኖት እዮም ኣብ ባክተሪያዊ ዋህሊብ (ሕዋስ)?
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ፕላዝሚድስ እንታይ ዓይነት ጀነቲካዊ ተግባር እዩ ዘለዎም?
ፕላዝሚድስ እንታይ ዓይነት ጀነቲካዊ ተግባር እዩ ዘለዎም?
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ኣየናይ ዓይነት ባእታታት እዩ ዋህሊብ ንሙቐት፣ ንደረቕነት፣ ኬሚካላዊ ውህበታትን ንዝተፈላለዩ ኬሚካላዊ ውህበታትን ተጻዋሪት ክትከውን ዝገብራ?
ኣየናይ ዓይነት ባእታታት እዩ ዋህሊብ ንሙቐት፣ ንደረቕነት፣ ኬሚካላዊ ውህበታትን ንዝተፈላለዩ ኬሚካላዊ ውህበታትን ተጻዋሪት ክትከውን ዝገብራ?
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ኣየናይ ብሮሰስ እዩ ባክቴሪያዊ ዋህሊባት ንዲኤንኦም ዝምድግሙ?
ኣየናይ ብሮሰስ እዩ ባክቴሪያዊ ዋህሊባት ንዲኤንኦም ዝምድግሙ?
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ኣየነኦም እዮም ቀንዲ ፍልልያት ናይ ግራም-ኣወንታዊ (Gram-positive) ባክቴሪያ?
ኣየነኦም እዮም ቀንዲ ፍልልያት ናይ ግራም-ኣወንታዊ (Gram-positive) ባክቴሪያ?
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ኣየናይ ባእታ እዩ ኣብ ግራም-ኣሉታዊ (Gram-negative) ባክቴሪያ ዝርከብ?
ኣየናይ ባእታ እዩ ኣብ ግራም-ኣሉታዊ (Gram-negative) ባክቴሪያ ዝርከብ?
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ስለምታይ እዩ ናይ ግራም ሕብሪ ኣገዳሲ?
ስለምታይ እዩ ናይ ግራም ሕብሪ ኣገዳሲ?
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ሰፊሕ ዳግም ዝጥቀሙ (Broad-spectrum) ኣንቲባዮቲክስ እንታይ እዮም?
ሰፊሕ ዳግም ዝጥቀሙ (Broad-spectrum) ኣንቲባዮቲክስ እንታይ እዮም?
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Flashcards
ስርዐት እንደ አመድ
ስርዐት እንደ አመድ
ኣብ አንደ ጋዜጣ ኣዘሪ ምስ ሓሙሉ ምስ ዝነብሥ ተፈጻሚ እንዲን ወይ ኣብ መበል ዓቃባት ዘለዉ ሕይወት ፈለጦም ይፈሉ ይህ ይረክብ ኣብ ዋናይ ዋላዊ ናይ ዋናይ ግምት ምስታቢያ ክሰፍል ይስፈር
ታክሶኒ
ታክሶኒ
ተመቻቹሌ ንዓይ ሎቶ ገመድ ይንቀሳቅስ ችግእ፡ ወዋዖይን ምስነት እዚ ብሓተ፡ ስርዐት የዋሓብ ቢት ይግበር
ፑዕግራር ኢንዑር
ፑዕግራር ኢንዑር
ኣይከውንኒ ይፍከቱ አይን ሽክጸት የማለት መረዝም ክይም : ኣብ ማባዜ ሐማ ድሽዋም ርሕባ
ግራም ጥሪዕ
ግራም ጥሪዕ
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ምንጭ ነዳው
ምንጭ ነዳው
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Gram ነገር
Gram ነገር
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Morphology
Morphology
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus
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Binomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature
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Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
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Envelope
Envelope
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Gram Positive Bacteria
Gram Positive Bacteria
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ዘፈሩ ፒይጂ (PG)
ዘፈሩ ፒይጂ (PG)
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ግራም ወርዌይዓ
ግራም ወርዌይዓ
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ዳሮ መተኸለ
ዳሮ መተኸለ
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ዛግብዕ
ዛግብዕ
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እንዶ ውቅብት
እንዶ ውቅብት
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ኢይንየ እንዳዝ
ኢይንየ እንዳዝ
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እንይይቱ
እንይይቱ
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ባሃሊ
ባሃሊ
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Study Notes
Bacterial Structures/Components
- Bacteria come in various shapes and arrangements, useful for identification
- Bacillus (bacilli, pl.) are rod shaped
- Coccus (cocci, pl.) are spherical
- Curved or spiral shapes include vibrio (curved), spirilla (rigid helix), spirochete (flexible helix)
- Different arrangements exist, such as diplo-, strepto-, staphylo-, and tetrads
- Morphology refers to the shapes and arrangements of bacteria
Bacterial Classification
- Classification organizes living things into groups based on similarities and differences. This is important for identifying known and unknown organisms, and understanding their evolutionary relationships.
- Taxonomy is the science of classification
- Phylogenetics tracks evolutionary descent using genetic material
- Carl Linnaeus developed a hierarchical classification system that grouped organisms based on physical characteristics
- Binomial nomenclature uses two names to identify organisms: Genus species (e.g., Escherichia coli).
Bacterial Structures/Components: Learning Objectives
- Describe the structure and function of bacterial cell components
- Differentiate between different bacterial cell shapes and arrangements
- Apply binomial nomenclature to name bacterial species
- Compare and contrast Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Bacterial Cell Anatomy
- A bacterial cell has an envelope surrounding the cytoplasm, which contains the cell's components
- The plasma membrane controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
- The cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan and prevents the cell from bursting.
- The outer membrane (present only in Gram-negative bacteria) is an additional layer outside the cell wall
- A capsule or slime layer may surround the cell wall.
- Cytoplasmic membrane, wall, and outer-membrane together, constitute cell-envelope
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis
- Flagella are for motility. Different arrangements exist (e.g., monotrichous, amphitrichous, lophotrichous, peritrichous)
- Pili (singular is pilus) are shorter, thinner filamentous structures for attachment, and conjugation
- Plasmids are small, circular dsDNA fragments that can replicate independently and carry additional genes.
- Nucleoid is the region of the cell containing the circular chromosome.
- Endospores are tough, resistant structures that help bacteria survive harsh conditions.
- Bacteria reproduce through the process of binary fission
Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, stain purple with Gram stain, and lack an outer membrane. They are susceptible to penicillin
- Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and stain pink/red with Gram stain. They have an outer membrane and are not susceptible to penicillin.
Gram Staining
- Gram staining is a process to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Critical in choosing antibiotics (narrow or broad spectrum)
Additional Information
- Microbes are primarily classified by morphological characteristics, differential staining, biochemical tests, and DNA-based methods.
- Human classification is a hierarchical system
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ውቅርን ፣ ምርጥነትን ንእሽቶች ተንሸከም ምስጊት ይደርሕ ዮም። ፈሪሕ ወይዘር እተትህልዊ ሺንካ ምንማ ትሕዝና ይኸው። ዝውድብ ድምጹ ዓይነት ዘይኸለ ማዕቀብ ተባህላላሲ ይምውዝዐ የለይ።
