Bacterial STIs Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary method of transmission for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?

  • Contamination through sharing food
  • Viral transmission through mosquito bites
  • Sexual contact with an infected person (correct)
  • Airborne transmission in crowded spaces

    • Which of the following describes a common symptom associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection?

  • Red lesions on the skin
  • Irregular menstrual cycles (correct)
  • Severe abdominal cramping
  • Persistent fever and chills

    • What is a key characteristic of the incubation period for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections?

  • Symptoms typically appear 2-7 days after exposure (correct)
  • Symptoms appear immediately after exposure
  • Symptoms may not appear for several months
  • Symptoms can appear anywhere from 1-14 days after exposure

    • Which of the following is NOT a method of mother-to-child transmission of infectious diseases?

    <p>Through direct skin contact post-birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of discharge is commonly associated with an infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae?

    <p>Yellow or greenish with a strong smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical stage of syphilis is characterized by painless ulcers or sores?

    <p>Primary stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is common in the secondary stage of syphilis?

    <p>Fever and swollen lymph glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes HSV-1 from HSV-2 infections?

    <p>HSV-1 infects the mouth, lips, or nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom that can occur due to genital infections?

    <p>Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these conditions is associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection?

    <p>Meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

    <p>Frequent low-grade fevers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk associated with untreated STD infections in pregnant women?

    <p>Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a preventive measure for sexually transmitted diseases?

    <p>Regularly checking for STDs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective method to prevent sexually transmitted infections?

    <p>Abstinence from sexual intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of testing may be necessary to monitor a successful treatment for gonorrhea?

    <p>Repetition of blood tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of candidiasis (thrush)?

    <p>Overuse of antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of thrush?

    <p>Severe abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do dental dams play in STI prevention?

    <p>They cover the vulva or anus during oral sex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to detect syphilis during its primary and secondary phases?

    <p>Swab of chancre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about gonorrhea treatment is true?

    <p>Antibiotics for both gonorrhea and chlamydia are often given together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacterial STIs

    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Symptoms include yellow/green vaginal discharge with a strong odor, dysuria (painful urination), anal irritation/discharge, and irregular menstruation. Diagnosis involves swabs from infected areas or urine samples. Treatment is often multiple antibiotics, but drug resistance is a growing concern. Complications include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, preterm labor, and premature rupture of membranes. Transmission occurs through genital contact and sexual intercourse.

    • Chlamydia trachomatis: Often asymptomatic. Symptoms may include vaginal discharge, inflamed cervix, cystitis, frequent urination, dysuria, dyspareunia (painful sex), mild lower abdominal pain, irregular menstruation, and eye infection. Diagnosis uses swabs or urine samples. Treatment involves antibiotics, often given with gonorrhea treatment due to co-infection. Complications include PID, ectopic pregnancy, and preterm labor. Transmission occurs through genital contact and sexual intercourse.

    • Treponema pallidum (Syphilis): Stages include primary (chancre sores), secondary (rash, swollen lymph nodes), and tertiary (damage to internal organs, skin, CNS). Primary stage involves painless genital ulcers. Secondary stage includes very infectious symptoms. Tertiary stage may lead to serious complications, including neurological problems and death. Diagnosis via swab of chancre sores, various blood tests, and urine sample. Treatment includes penicillin; alternatives are for penicillin allergies or if pregnancy is possible. Complications include congenital syphilis in newborns, stillbirth, and low birth weight.

    Viral STIs

    • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Transmission through sexual contact, childbirth, and blood. Incubation period is 3 months to appear after initial infection. Symptoms can include extreme fatigue, rapid weight loss, low-grade fevers, night sweats, and other symptoms, leading to conditions like PID and other STIs. Diagnosis includes antibody detection tests. There is no cure, but antiviral therapy prevents multiplication of the virus. Complications include susceptibility to other infections and potential long-term health issues.

    • Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): HSV-1 (oral herpes) and HSV-2 (genital herpes). HSV-1 infects the mouth, lips, or nose, causing cold sores. HSV-2 infects the genital and anal area, presenting with tingling, blisters, and sores. Diagnosis involves clinical exam and swabs of sores. There is no cure, but antivirals manage symptoms.

    Fungal STIs

    • Candidiasis (Thrush): A yeast infection, common in the mouth and genitals, especially the vagina. It can be transmitted sexually. Other causes include antibiotic use and dietary changes. Symptoms include itching/soreness, thick white vaginal discharge, and discomfort during sex. Treatment uses antifungal creams, medications, and avoiding scented products.

    General STI Prevention

    • Safe Sex Practices: Condoms are crucial for prevention of various STIs.
    • Mutual Monogamy: Limiting sexual partners to one uninfected partner.
    • Vaccination: Hepatitis B and HPV vaccines are recommended.
    • Regular STD Testing: Knowing one's status is critical for stopping transmission.
    • Avoiding Sharing Needles: Prevents transmission of bloodborne pathogens.
    • Good Genital Hygiene: Maintaining proper hygiene procedures, including avoiding douching, wearing clean cotton underwear, and wiping properly after using the toilet. Avoid tight clothing.

    Patient Education:

    • Key information for patients includes the disease's natural history, method of transmission, treatment options, importance of follow-up care, treatment of sexual partners, public health laws, condom use, and abstinence.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key information about bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), focusing on Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Learn about their symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment options, and potential complications. Understanding these pathogens is crucial for promoting sexual health and preventing transmission.

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