18 Questions
What is the role of skin in preventing infections?
Traps and destroys pathogens
Which of the following is NOT a bacterial virulence factor involved in disease presentation?
Bacterial nucleoid
What do mucous membranes such as the throat and mouth do to prevent infections?
Trap and destroy pathogens
Which process contributes to the variability of influenza viruses?
Antigenic shift
How do bacterial toxins contribute to disease pathogenesis?
Disrupt normal cellular function
Which structure plays a crucial role in bacterial adhesion to host cells?
Bacterial capsule
Which of the following is NOT considered a bacterial virulence factor?
Antibiotics
Before the introduction of the DTP/DTaP vaccine, what was the relationship between tetanus incidence rates and mortality rates?
Tetanus incidence rates were equal to mortality rates
Which of the following is an example of a bacterial toxin?
Cholera toxin
Which of the following is a mechanism by which bacteria can evade the host immune system?
Producing a capsule
Which of the following is an example of an antigenic shift in influenza viruses?
Major changes in the hemagglutinin (H) or neuraminidase (N) proteins
Which of the following is a key step in the process of bacterial pathogenesis?
All of the above
What is the primary mode of action for A-B toxins?
Disruption of cellular function
Which of the following is NOT a common prevention measure for infectious diseases?
Regular consumption of raw meat
What distinguishes exotoxins from endotoxins in terms of their interaction with the host?
Exotoxins have a specific target in the host, while endotoxins have a general effect
Which statement best describes the differentiation between antigenic drift and antigenic shift?
Antigenic drift involves minor mutations in a single virus strain, while antigenic shift involves reassortment of genetic material between different strains
Which factor plays a crucial role in bacterial pathogenesis by allowing microbes to adhere to host cells?
Pilus and fimbriae expression
What is a key feature that distinguishes communicable diseases from non-communicable diseases?
Communicable diseases can spread from person to person, while non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted
Test your knowledge on how bacterial flagella, glycocalyx, and virulence factors contribute to disease pathogenesis. Learn about the concepts of antigenic drift, antigenic shift, and physical barriers in the body's defense against pathogens.
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