Bacterial Genome and Gene Content Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which process involves bacteria growing and dividing by binary fission?

  • DNA replication
  • Fermentation
  • Bacterial growth (correct)
  • Aerobic respiration

    • What may be coded by bacteriophage DNA present in the bacterial genome?

  • Proteins (correct)
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Amino acids

    • What does the size of the bacterial gene content indicate about a bacterium's capability?

  • Its ability to self-replicate
  • Its ability to utilize limited compounds (correct)
  • Its ability to photosynthesize
  • Its ability to withstand extreme temperatures

    • In which bacteria does growth occur near the site of division at the septum or cross wall?

    <p>Round-shaped bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of identification uses automated systems like VITEK 2 based on compound utilization by bacteria?

    <p>Biochemical method of identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria divide along their length in one plane?

    <p>Rod-shaped bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of carbon for autotrophic bacteria?

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria utilize light to fix CO2 for growth?

    <p>Photoautotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy source for chemoautotrophic bacteria?

    <p>Inorganic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of bacteria live in extreme environments such as deep-sea vents and are chemoautotrophs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria derive both carbon and energy from organic compounds?

    <p>Chemoheterotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symbiotic relationship involves one organism benefiting while the other is not affected?

    <p>Commensalist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of nitrogenases in bacteria?

    <p>Nitrogen fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria convert atmospheric N2 into organic nitrogen forms?

    <p>Azotobacter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of nitrogen for most bacteria?

    <p>Organic nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria obtain energy from chemicals and convert CO2 into organic compounds?

    <p>Chemoautotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and fermentation?

    <p>Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor, while fermentation does not involve any electron transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria uses only oxygen for cellular respiration?

    <p>Aerobic bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes obligate aerobes from facultative anaerobes?

    <p>Obligate aerobes are poisoned by oxygen, while facultative anaerobes can use fermentation when oxygen is not present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of glutamine synthetase in nitrogen metabolism?

    <p>Assimilating ammonia to form glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In bacterial metabolism, what distinguishes aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration?

    <p>Aerobic respiration involves breakdown of organic molecules without any net transfer of electrons, while anaerobic respiration transfers electrons to a terminal electron acceptor other than O2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes obligate anaerobes in terms of oxygen exposure?

    <p>Some obligate anaerobes live exclusively by fermentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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