Bacterial Genome and Gene Content Overview

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Which process involves bacteria growing and dividing by binary fission?

DNA replication

Fermentation

Bacterial growth (correct)

Aerobic respiration

What may be coded by bacteriophage DNA present in the bacterial genome?

Proteins (correct)

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Amino acids

What does the size of the bacterial gene content indicate about a bacterium's capability?

Its ability to self-replicate

Its ability to utilize limited compounds (correct)

Its ability to photosynthesize

Its ability to withstand extreme temperatures

In which bacteria does growth occur near the site of division at the septum or cross wall?

Round-shaped bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which method of identification uses automated systems like VITEK 2 based on compound utilization by bacteria?

Biochemical method of identification Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria divide along their length in one plane?

Rod-shaped bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of carbon for autotrophic bacteria?

CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria utilize light to fix CO2 for growth?

Photoautotrophs Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source for chemoautotrophic bacteria?

Inorganic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Which group of bacteria live in extreme environments such as deep-sea vents and are chemoautotrophs?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What type of bacteria derive both carbon and energy from organic compounds?

Chemoheterotrophs Signup and view all the answers

Which symbiotic relationship involves one organism benefiting while the other is not affected?

Commensalist Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nitrogenases in bacteria?

Nitrogen fixation Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria convert atmospheric N2 into organic nitrogen forms?

Azotobacter Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of nitrogen for most bacteria?

Organic nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria obtain energy from chemicals and convert CO2 into organic compounds?

Chemoautotrophs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and fermentation?

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor, while fermentation does not involve any electron transfer. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria uses only oxygen for cellular respiration?

Aerobic bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes obligate aerobes from facultative anaerobes?

Obligate aerobes are poisoned by oxygen, while facultative anaerobes can use fermentation when oxygen is not present. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of glutamine synthetase in nitrogen metabolism?

Assimilating ammonia to form glutamate Signup and view all the answers

In bacterial metabolism, what distinguishes aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration involves breakdown of organic molecules without any net transfer of electrons, while anaerobic respiration transfers electrons to a terminal electron acceptor other than O2. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes obligate anaerobes in terms of oxygen exposure?

Some obligate anaerobes live exclusively by fermentation. Signup and view all the answers