Bacterial Genetics and Genome Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the average length of the bacterial chromosome?

  • 6000-7000 Kbp
  • 2000-3000 Kbp
  • 4000-5000 Kbp (correct)
  • 1000-2000 Kbp

    • Where is the DNA concentrated in a bacterial cell?

  • In the nucleus
  • In the cytoplasm as nucleoid region (correct)
  • In the mitochondria
  • In the endoplasmic reticulum

    • What holds the two strands of the bacterial chromosome together?

  • Ionic bonds
  • Covalent bonds
  • Hydrogen bonds (A-T) or (C-G) (correct)
  • Van der Waals forces

    • What enzyme separates the two strands of the bacterial chromosome during DNA replication?

    <p>Helicase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a segment of DNA that carries information for a specific function called?

    <p>Gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of resistance plasmids in bacterial cells?

    <p>Help the bacterial cell defend against environmental factors such as poisons or antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of conjugative plasmids in bacterial reproduction?

    <p>Assist in the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of gene transfer involved in conjugation?

    <p>Transfer of a plasmid or chromosomal DNA from a donor cell to a recipient cell via direct contact by a conjugation pilus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of relaxed replicating plasmids?

    <p>Can replicate in the absence of protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria defend against environmental factors such as poisons or antibiotics?

    <p>Resistance plasmids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the first relatively safe and effective antibiotics isolated from microorganisms?

    <p>Sir Alexander Fleming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Koch and his colleagues develop in the field of microbiology?

    <p>Technique for obtaining pure culture of colonies of bacteria and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of microbiology is concerned with studying parasites like protozoa and helminths?

    <p>Parasitology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of microbiology is concerned with the study of viruses?

    <p>Virology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Paul Ehrlich synthesize in the field of microbiology?

    <p>The first successful but very toxic drug against syphilis-disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is microbiology?

    <p>The study of small living things that cannot be seen with the naked eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who made the first useful microscopes and was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms?

    <p>Antony van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of microorganisms described in the text?

    <p>Their size is very small</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who improved the design of Leeuwenhoek's microscope and saw details of the structure of plant cells and some microbes?

    <p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was humans' early understanding of the link between microbes and disease in the context of spontaneous generation?

    <p>Microbes were thought to spontaneously generate from non-living material</p> Signup and view all the answers

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