25 Questions
What are the primary agents responsible for disseminating plant pathogenic bacteria?
Water, insects, other animals, and humans
What role do humans play in the dissemination of plant pathogenic bacteria?
They act as a vector for the bacteria to spread to other plants
Which of the following is NOT a primary means of dissemination for plant pathogenic bacteria?
Soil
What is the primary purpose of understanding the dissemination of plant pathogenic bacteria?
To prevent the spread of plant diseases
Which of the following organisms can disseminate plant pathogenic bacteria?
Insects
What is a possible way that bacteria can be transferred among plants?
On the bodies of moving animals
Which of the following animals can potentially carry bacteria on their bodies?
Any animal that moves among plants
What is the role of animals in the transfer of bacteria among plants?
They are passive carriers of bacteria
Why are animals moving among plants important for the transfer of bacteria?
They can physically move bacteria from one plant to another
What is the result of animals moving among plants with bacteria on their bodies?
Bacteria are transferred among plants
What is the primary goal of treating seed with hot water at 52°C for 20 minutes?
To reduce the number of infected seeds
At what temperature is seed treatment typically done to reduce bacterial infection?
52°C
What is the duration of hot water treatment for seed to effectively reduce bacterial infection?
20 minutes
What is the expected outcome of treating seed with hot water at 52°C for 20 minutes?
Considerable reduction in the number of infected seeds
What is the primary mechanism of hot water treatment in controlling bacterial diseases of plants?
Killing bacterial pathogens on the seed surface
What is the pattern of toxin spread from the point of infection?
Radially
What is formed around the bacteria-containment spot?
Chlorotic halo
What is the characteristic of the cells in the chlorotic halo?
Free of bacteria
What is the location of the bacteria-containing spot?
At the center of the chlorotic halo
What is the significance of the chlorotic halo?
It indicates the presence of bacteria
What is the characteristic of the spots on the leaves of infected plants?
They are yellowish with brown centers and whitish-yellow halos
What is the outcome for some seedlings in the seedbed or after transplantation?
They are killed
What occurs between the rotting and healthy tissues of infected plants?
A water-soaked zone separates them
How large can the brown spots on infected leaves become?
2 to 3 centimeters in diameter
What is the color of the halos surrounding the brown spots on infected leaves?
Whitish-yellow
Learn about the techniques used to control bacterial diseases in plants, including treating seeds with hot water to reduce infection.
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