Bacterial Diseases and Transmission Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a practical use of fungi mentioned in the text?

  • Killing parasites
  • Absorbing nutrients from living hosts
  • Producing antibiotics (correct)
  • Causing diseases in plants

What is the name of the fungal disease that affects elm trees?

  • Ergot
  • Dutch elm disease (correct)
  • Claviceps purpurea
  • Leaf rust

Which type of fungi is responsible for the production of penicillin?

  • Zygomycetes
  • Basidiomycetes
  • Deuteromycetes
  • Ascomycetes (correct)

Which group of fungi includes the mushrooms and puffballs?

<p>Basidiomycetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fruiting bodies called basidiocarps?

<p>To release spores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes the arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi?

<p>Glomeromycetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of fungi in the ecosystem?

<p>To break down organic material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria is more resistant to antibiotics due to its outer membrane?

<p>Gram negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of cellular division in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Binary fission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?

<p>Mitosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of archaea?

<p>Extremophiles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a shape that prokaryotes can occur in?

<p>Cube shaped (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of the capsule in prokaryotes?

<p>Allows the prokaryote to stick to its substrate or another prokaryote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

<p>Muramic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Through bites of insects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of arbuscules in mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>To facilitate nutrient exchange between the fungus and the plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of fungi in the ecosystem?

<p>To break down dead organic matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>Ectomycorrhizal fungi grow into the intercellular spaces of the root cortex, while arbuscular fungi do not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Antibiotic production

Fungi are used to produce antibiotics, which are medicines that fight bacterial infections.

Dutch elm disease

Dutch elm disease is a fungal infection that attacks elm trees, often causing their death.

Penicillin producing fungi

Penicillin is a powerful antibiotic produced by a type of fungus called Ascomycetes.

Mushrooms and puffballs

Mushrooms and puffballs belong to the group of fungi called Basidiomycetes.

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Basidiocarps

Basidiocarps are the fruiting bodies of Basidiomycetes fungi, responsible for releasing spores.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi are a type of Glomeromycetes that form beneficial relationships with plant roots.

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Role of fungi in ecosystem

Fungi play a crucial role in breaking down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the ecosystem.

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Gram-negative bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria have an outer membrane that makes them more resistant to antibiotics than Gram-positive bacteria.

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Binary fission

Binary fission is the primary way that prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, reproduce.

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Mitosis in prokaryotes

Mitosis, a process of cell division, is not found in prokaryotes.

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Archaea

Archaea are known for living in extreme environments, earning them the name 'extremophiles'.

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Prokaryote shapes

Prokaryotes cannot be cube shaped. They come in three main shapes: cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), and spirilla (spiral).

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Capsule in prokaryotes

The capsule, a protective layer surrounding some prokaryotes, helps them stick to surfaces.

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Muramic acid

Muramic acid is a specific sugar found in the peptidoglycan cell wall of bacteria and archaea.

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Modes of entry for bacteria

Disease-causing bacteria can enter the body through various means: air, contaminated food, and contact with infected individuals.

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Arbuscules

Arbuscules are specialized structures formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within plant root cells. They facilitate nutrient exchange between the fungus and the plant.

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Primary role of fungi in the ecosystem

Fungi are decomposers, primarily breaking down dead organic matter in ecosystems.

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Difference between ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Ectomycorrhizal fungi form a sheath around plant roots, while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi penetrate the root cells, forming arbuscules.

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