38 Questions
Which type of CNS infection involves inflammation of both the brain and spinal cord?
Encephalomyelitis
What is the main route of entry for infectious microorganisms into the CNS?
Bloodstream
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for bacterial meningitis?
Alcoholism
Which causative organism is most commonly associated with meningococcal disease?
Neisseria meningitidis
Which age group is most at risk for Group B Streptococci infection?
Newborns
What is the main function of the blood-brain barrier?
To protect the brain from infections
Which type of CNS infection involves inflammation of the meninges?
Meningitis
Which bacteria are commonly associated with bacterial meningitis in infants and children?
Neisseria meningitidis
What are some common symptoms of bacterial meningitis?
Fever, headache, and stiff neck
Which age group is commonly affected by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis?
Adolescents and young adults
What is a potential clinical feature of bacterial meningitis in infants?
Petechial rash
Which bacteria are commonly associated with bacterial meningitis in older adults?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is a potential symptom of bacterial meningitis that may be sudden onset?
Stiff neck
Which bacteria is commonly associated with bacterial meningitis in adolescents and young adults?
Neisseria meningitidis
What is a potential symptom of bacterial meningitis that may lead to a toxic/moribund state?
Unconsciousness
Which of the following is a characteristic of Neisseria meningitidis?
It is encapsulated
What is the only known host for Neisseria meningitidis?
Humans
Which of the following is a symptom of meningococcal meningitis?
Skin rash
Which of the following is a potential complication of invasive meningococcal disease?
Respiratory failure
Which of the following is a pathogenicity factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
Capsule
Which of the following is a potential symptom of meningococcal septicaemia?
Muscle pain
What is the main route of entry for Neisseria meningitidis into the CNS?
Respiratory tract
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for meningococcal disease?
Vaccination
Which of the following is a potential symptom of meningococcal meningitis that may lead to a toxic/moribund state?
Rapid breathing
What is the current status of Neisseria meningitidis vaccination in Malaysia?
Not included in the routine vaccine schedule
Which of the following is the primary cause of neonatal meningitis?
Group B Streptococci
Which bacterium is the second leading cause of meningitis in the UK?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which bacterium is a significant cause of Pneumococcal Meningitis and Pneumococcal Sepsis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which bacterium is the biggest cause of neonatal meningitis?
Group B Streptococci
Which bacterium is associated with disease in newborns, causing meningitis, septicaemia, and pneumonia?
Group B Streptococci
Which bacterium is the causative agent of Pneumococcal disease?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which bacterium is a normal part of bowel flora?
Group B Streptococci
Which bacterium is commonly associated with disease in newborns, causing meningitis, septicaemia, and pneumonia?
Group B Streptococci
Which of the following is NOT considered a red flag in the differential diagnosis of headache?
Papilloedema
Which of the following is a potential cause of headache in older individuals?
Postural aggravation
Which of the following is a risk factor for secondary headache?
HIV
Which of the following is a potential symptom of papilloedema?
Blurring of the optic disc
Which of the following maneuvers can precipitate headache?
Valsalva maneuvers
Test your knowledge on bacterial CNS infections and their common features such as meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis. Learn about the different bacteria involved and the inflammation they cause in the meninges, brain, and spinal cord.
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