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Questions and Answers
Which bacterial species is associated with caries?
What is the habitat of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?
Which bacterium is part of normal skin flora?
Which bacterium is associated with chronic, granulomatous, endogenous infections?
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Which bacterium is a soil saprophyte and causes nocardiosis in immunocompromised patients?
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Which bacterium affects the motor nerves of myocardium and nervous system?
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Which bacterium is a true coryneform organism in the oral cavity, with a short, fat body and a long filament at one end?
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Which bacterium is thought to be fungi and potentially pathogenic species are commensals of the mouth?
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Which bacterium is an obligate anaerobe and part of normal skin flora?
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Which bacterium is an exotoxin producer and may cause asphyxiation?
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Which bacterium is associated with caries and is not a very reliable indicator of caries activity?
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Which bacterium is pleomorphic, non-sporing, non-capsulated, and non-motile?
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Which bacterium is responsible for gas gangrene (myonecrosis)?
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Which toxin produced by Clostridium tetani causes sustained muscle spasm, lockjaw, and arching of the body?
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Which bacterium is associated with antibiotic-associated colitis (lethal pseudomembranous colitis)?
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Which species of Bacillus is used as a biological indicator to test the sterilization efficacy of autoclaves, ethylene oxide, and ionizing radiation?
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Which bacterium is responsible for food poisoning caused by ingestion of large numbers of vegetative cells?
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Which toxin produced by Clostridium tetani is haemolytic?
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Which Clostridium species is characterized by its 'drumstick' shape due to terminal spores?
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Which bacterium is found in the faeces of 3-6% of adults and almost all healthy infants?
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Which Clostridium species is known for its powerful toxins used in warfare and beauty therapy?
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Which bacterium is an obligate anaerobe and ferments litmus milk to produce a 'stormy-clot' reaction?
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Which bacterium is responsible for infection (anthrax) acquired when spores enter abrasions on the skin or are inhaled?
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Which bacterium is commonly found in the oral cavity, female genital and gastrointestinal tract, and is known as a homofermenter?
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Which bacterium is commonly found in the oral cavity, female genital and gastrointestinal tract, and is known as a heterofermenter?
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Which bacterium is a common inhabitant of the oral cavity, with less than 1% of total microbiota, and is associated with an acid environment when S. mutans colonizes?
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Which bacterium is known for its presence in the oral cavity, female genital and gastrointestinal tract, and is commonly used in the food industry as a probiotic?
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Which bacteria is commonly found in the oral cavity and is known to colonize when there is an acidic environment?
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Which bacteria genus is associated with the food industry as a probiotic?
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Which bacteria are homofermenters, producing lactic acid from glucose fermentation?
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Which bacteria genus is known to be saprophytes in vegetable and animal material, as well as commensals and present in the oral cavity?
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Study Notes
Bacterial Characteristics and Pathogenicity
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus 7 characteristics: gram-positive coccobacillary forms, facultative anaerobes, acidogenic and aciduric
- Lactobacillus associated with caries: deep carious lesions, first bacteria related to caries, not very reliable indicator of caries activity
- Generalities of Corynebacterium: pleomorphism, non-sporing, non-capsule, non-motile
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae habitat and transmission: human throat and nose, carriers up to 3 months after infection, transmission via respiratory droplets
- Characteristics of Corynebacterium diphtheriae: gram-positive club-shaped or in palisades, facultative anaerobe at 37ºC
- Virulence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae: exotoxin, affects motor nerves of myocardium and nervous system, may cause asphyxiation
- Elek test for toxin-producing Corynebacterium: C. ulcerans, C. matruchotti, C. hofmannii, C. xerosis
- Corynebacterium matruchotti characteristics: true coryneform organism in oral cavity, short, fat body and a long filament at one end
- Propionibacterium generalities: obligate anaerobes, P. acnes part of normal skin flora
- Actinomyces generalities: thought to be fungi, potentially pathogenic species are commensals of the mouth
- Actinomyces israelii: gram-positive filamentous branching rods, associated with chronic, granulomatous, endogenous infections
- Nocardia: soil saprophytes, cause nocardiosis in immunocompromised patients, aerobic, N. asteroides common form of human nocardiosis
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Description
Test your knowledge of bacterial characteristics and pathogenicity with this quiz. Learn about specific bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Actinomyces, and Nocardia, their generalities, habitats, transmission, virulence, and associated diseases.
