23 Questions
Which type of bacteria is Fusobacteria?
Gram-negative
What is the shape of Fusobacteria?
Spindle-shaped bacilli
Where are Fusobacteria commonly found?
Oral cavity
Which subspecies of Fusobacteria is associated with periodontal pockets?
F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum
What kind of infections are caused by Fusobacteria?
Pulmonary and pelvic abscesses
Which type of bacteria are Treponema and Borrelia?
Spirochaetes
What is the characteristic shape of Treponema and Borrelia?
Spiral
Which subspecies of Treponema is associated with syphilis?
T. pallidum
Where are oral treponemes found?
Oral cavity
Which bacterium is associated with Lyme disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
What type of bacteria are Leptospira spp?
Spirochaetes
What is the characteristic shape of Leptospira spp?
Spiral
Which bacterium is the causative agent of syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
Which bacterium is associated with halitosis and periodontal diseases?
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Which bacterium is the causative agent of Lyme disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
Which bacterium is a commensal oral bacterium found in low proportions in dental plaque?
Leptotrichia buccalis
Which bacterium is used as antigens for serological tests for syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
Which bacterium is the aetiological agent of pinta?
T. carateum
Which group of bacteria are major pathogens of periodontal disease and part of the 'red complex' bacteria?
Spirochaetes
Which bacterial complexes play a significant role in periodontal disease?
Microbial complexes
Which bacteria are motile, helical rods, and can be cultivated in vitro, causing aggressive and chronic periodontitis?
Treponema spp.
Which bacteria have a cell wall similar to Gram-negative bacteria, three to five axial filaments, and are strictly anaerobic or microaerophilic?
Spirochaetes
Which bacteria are pathogenic to humans, causing leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through contact with infected animals or water contaminated with their urine?
Leptospira spp.
Study Notes
Bacterial Characteristics and Pathogenicity
- Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacilli with pointed ends and central swelling, causing halitosis and associated with periodontal diseases.
- Leptotrichia buccalis, the sole representative of its genus, is a commensal oral bacterium, found in low proportions in dental plaque.
- Spirochaetes are a diverse group of spiral, motile organisms, with three pathogenic genera: Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira.
- Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, is a slender, corkscrew-shaped bacterium, sensitive to drying and heat, and transmitted through direct contact with lesions or body secretions.
- T. pallidum cannot be cultured in vitro but can be propagated in the testes of rabbits and used as antigens for serological tests.
- T. carateum is the aetiological agent of pinta, a non-venereal skin infection affecting dark-skinned natives of Central and South America and the West Indies.
- Oral treponemes, including T. denticola, T. vincentii, T. pectinovarum, and T. socranskii, are motile, helical rods, and can be cultivated in vitro, causing aggressive and chronic periodontitis.
- Tannerella spp., Porphyromonas spp., and T. forsythia are obligately anaerobic, black-pigmented rods, major pathogens of periodontal disease, and part of the "red complex" bacteria.
- Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque play a significant role in periodontal disease.
- Borrelia burgdorferi, a helical spirochaete, is the causative agent of Lyme disease, transmitted by ticks and small mammals, causing neurological and cardiac manifestations, and arthritis.
- Leptospira biflexa and L. interrogans are pathogenic to humans, causing leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through contact with infected animals or water contaminated with their urine.
- Spirochaetes have a cell wall similar to Gram-negative bacteria, three to five axial filaments, and are strictly anaerobic or microaerophilic, with movements by rotation or flexion.
Test your knowledge of bacterial characteristics and pathogenicity with this quiz. Explore the unique features of Gram-negative bacteria like Fusobacterium nucleatum and the pathogenicity of spirochaetes such as Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi. Learn about the diverse group of spiral, motile organisms and their role in causing diseases like syphilis, Lyme disease, and periodontal diseases.
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