Bacterial Cells: Inclusions and Endospores
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Bacterial Cells: Inclusions and Endospores

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common lipid in which diverse prokaryotes store carbon?

  • Poly-β-hydroxyvaleric acid (PHV)
  • Poly-β-hydroxyacrylic acid (PHA)
  • Poly-β-hydroxypropionic acid (PHP)
  • Poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) (correct)

    • What is the primary function of inclusions found within bacterial cells?

  • Storage of a substance (correct)
  • Energy production
  • DNA replication
  • Protein synthesis

    • What do select microbes produce to store inorganic phosphate?

  • Sulfur granules
  • Nitrogen granules
  • Polyphosphate granules (correct)
  • Carbon granules

    • What do bacteria and archaea oxidize to produce sulfur storage granules for energy?

    <p>Reduced sulfur compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are gas vesicles?

    <p>Protein structures that keep water/solutes out, but allow gas in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is unique to endospores?

    <p>Dipicolinic acid (DPA) complexed with Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do small acid soluble proteins (SASPs) do during sporulation?

    <p>Bind DNA and help make it more compact, protecting it from damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of carboxysomes?

    <p>Concentrate enzymes involved in carbon fixation to increase efficiency and reduce unwanted side reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of microcompartments produced by some bacteria?

    <p>To encase specific enzymes/metabolites/cofactors to make metabolism more efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the environment becomes more favorable for endospores?

    <p>The spore can be activated, germinate and return to the vegetative state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique feature of the core of endospores that increases resistance to desiccation, heat, and chemicals?

    <p>Dipicolinic acid (DPA) complexed with Ca2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of exosporium in some spores?

    <p>Protective protein layer that provides resistance/stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes endospores much more resistant than other kinds of bacterial spores?

    <p>Unique dipicolinic acid (DPA) complexed with Ca2+ and small acid soluble proteins (SASPs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do gas vesicles confer to certain microbes?

    <p>Buoyancy – bring these microbes to a favourable environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

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