Foundational Microbiology 2: Morphology and Structure
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Questions and Answers

Which staining technique is commonly used to differentiate between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria?

  • Acid-fast staining
  • Ziehl-Neelsen staining
  • Gram staining (correct)
  • Crystal violet staining

What is the function of the peptidoglycan layer in the bacterial cell wall?

  • Give shape to the cell (correct)
  • Attachment to other bacteria or cells
  • Protection against antimicrobial drugs
  • Resistance to osmotic forces

Which external structure of bacteria is responsible for movement?

  • Flagella (correct)
  • Glycocalyx
  • Fimbriae
  • Pili

What is the basic component of any bacterial cell wall?

<p>Peptidoglycan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane in its cell wall?

<p>Gram-negative bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae in bacteria?

<p>Attachment to other bacteria or cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which staining technique is used to identify acid-fast bacteria?

<p>Ziehl-Neelsen staining (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glycocalyx in bacteria?

<p>Protection against antimicrobial drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stain used in the Gram staining technique?

<p>Crystal violet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the counterstain in the Gram staining technique?

<p>To stain gram-negative cells pink (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a spherical shape?

<p>Coccus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a rod shape?

<p>Bacillus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a short rod shape?

<p>Coccobacillus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a comma shape?

<p>Vibrio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a spiral shape?

<p>Spirillum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial cell structure is characterized by a helical shape?

<p>Spirillum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in binary fission in bacteria?

<p>Chromosome replication begins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in binary fission in bacteria?

<p>Two daughter cells result. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when bacteria divide by snapping into two daughter cells?

<p>Snapping division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the spores of actinomycetes called?

<p>Actinospores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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