Bacterial Adherence Structures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the morbidity rate and mortality rate indicate?

  • The total number of cases in a population
  • The severity and lethality of a disease (correct)
  • How many new cases of a disease occur in a specified time period
  • The average number of new infections generated from one original infection

    • Which term is used to describe the number of new cases of a disease during a specified time period?

  • Mortality
  • Incidence (correct)
  • Prevalence
  • Morbidity

    • What does the case-fatality rate measure?

  • The percentage of people with a specific disease who die from it (correct)
  • The number of people afflicted with a certain disease
  • The average number of new infections generated from one original infection
  • The number of deaths in a population due to a certain disease

    • Which term describes the number of people affected divided by those with specific exposure to a disease?

    <p>Attack rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for an epidemic that is more prevalent than expected?

    <p>Epidemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the basic reproductive number defined?

    <h1>of new infections generated from one original infection</h1> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the viral spikes mentioned in the text?

    <p>Facilitate attachment to host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which process does the viral capsid or genome get injected into the host cell's cytoplasm?

    <p>Direct penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cell envelope enables bacteria to adhere to host cell membranes and environmental surfaces?

    <p>S-Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of viral replication within host cells?

    <p>To create more virus particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Mediate specific adherence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves stripping off the protein coat of a virus?

    <p>Uncoating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Invasion by bacterial pathogens involves different mechanisms, including the zipper mechanism and trigger mechanism for:

    <p>Immune system evasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of some viruses to remain dormant within host cells for an extended period?

    <p>Viral latency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pathogen can exist both inside and outside of host cells?

    <p>Facultative intracellular pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a virus achieve transcription/mRNA production during replication?

    <p>By directly using host cell proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Glycocalyx in bacterial cells?

    <p>Mediating specific attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an obligate intracellular pathogen from other types of pathogens?

    <p>It moves to the host cell almost immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of viral protein synthesis in the context of the text?

    <p>Assemble the virus components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a virus utilize exocytosis to exit a host cell?

    <p>By being enclosed and transported to the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of budding for enveloped viruses according to the text?

    <p>To pass through the immune system undetected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is apoptosis utilized by a virus to release viral progeny?

    <p>By destroying the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of proviruses for viruses according to the text?

    <p>To escape detection by the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is shedding an important process for virus transmission outside the host cell?

    <p>To enable viruses to pass through cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between illness, disease, and sickness?

    <p>Illness is the subjective experience of symptoms, disease is the underlying pathology, and sickness is a social/cultural conception of the condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of infection occurs when normal flora is introduced to a previously sterile site?

    <p>Endogenous infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a complete set of signs and symptoms connected to a particular disease?

    <p>Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of an infectious agent to cause disease?

    <p>Virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor belongs to the epidemiologic triad of infectious diseases?

    <p>Host factors like age or immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes an inanimate object that serves a role in disease transmission?

    <p>Fomite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the natural habitat where a pathogen lives and reproduces?

    <p>Reservoir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Latent' mean in the context of infectious diseases?

    <p>'Latent' occurs before signs and symptoms are noticeable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Nosocomial infection' refers to infections that originate from which setting?

    <p>Hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Major aspects' covered in epidemiology include all of the following EXCEPT:

    <p>'Comparisons of prevention/treatment options'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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