Bacteria Cell Structure and Functions

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Questions and Answers

Which field of microbiology specifically focuses on the study of viruses?

  • Mycology
  • Bacteriology
  • Virology (correct)
  • Parasitology

What is the characteristic shape of bacteria?

  • Spherical (correct)
  • Cubical
  • Star-shaped
  • Rectangular

Which type of microorganism uses pseudopods, flagella, or cilia for locomotion?

  • Fungi
  • Protozoa (correct)
  • Algae
  • Bacteria

What distinguishes archaea from bacteria?

<p>Cell wall composition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism is capable of both sexual and asexual reproduction?

<p>Algae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of microbiology is primarily focused on the immune system?

<p>Immunology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first person to observe live microorganisms and describe them as 'animalcules'?

<p>Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is credited with the discovery that all living things are made of cells?

<p>Robert Hooke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were opponents of the idea of spontaneous generation, and demonstrated that a 'vital force' in the air is responsible for the survival of microorganisms?

<p>Francesco Redi, John Needham, and Lazzaro Spallanzani (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory challenged the idea of spontaneous generation by proposing that life only arises from pre-existing life?

<p>Theory of Biogenesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the presence of organisms outside the body on water, food, and other biological substances?

<p>Contamination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Little boxes' or 'cells' as named by Robert Hooke formed the basis of which scientific theory?

<p>Cell Theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three categories that bacteria are organized into based on their structures?

<p>Internal Structures, Cell Envelope, External Structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an intracellular structure in bacteria?

<p>Cell Membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the gel-like matrix in bacterial cytoplasm?

<p>Enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for excluding genetic material from the cytoplasm in bacteria?

<p>Cell Membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of storage granules in bacterial cytoplasm?

<p>Genetic Material Storage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which external structure of bacteria is involved in movement?

<p>Flagella (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of antiseptics?

<p>To prevent the growth of microorganisms that could cause infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge in the selection of disinfectants?

<p>Their effectiveness against specific groups of microbes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the label on a disinfectant usually indicate?

<p>The group of microbes it is effective against (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes antiseptics from disinfectants?

<p>Their application area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might organic material present on an object interfere with the action of a disinfectant?

<p>Prevent proper contact between the disinfectant and microorganisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might an antiseptic be used as a sanitizer?

<p>For hand cleaning when washing hands is not possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of moist heat in killing microorganisms?

<p>Protein denaturation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature and pressure does autoclaving effectively kill all vegetative cells and their endospores?

<p>121°C at 15 psi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pasteurization in food processing?

<p>To kill spoilage-causing microorganisms without affecting taste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of filters are commonly used in pasteurization processes?

<p>Cellulose or nitrocellulose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using boiling or flowing steam in microbiology?

<p>To kill vegetative bacteria, fungal pathogens, and most viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of equipment is preferred for the use of moist heat sterilization?

<p>Dishes, basins, pitchers, and various equipment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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