Superficial Back & Shoulders
39 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the floor of the suboccipital triangle?

  • Spinous process of the axis (C2)
  • Semispinalis capitis
  • Obliquus capitis Superioris
  • Posterior atlantooccipital membrane (correct)

    • Which muscle is responsible for rotating the atlas (and therefore the head) to the same side?

  • Rectus capitis posterior minor
  • Obliquus capitis inferior (correct)
  • Rectus capitis posterior major
  • Obliquus capitis superior

    • Which muscle is responsible for extending the head?

  • Obliquus capitis superior
  • Rectus capitis posterior major (correct)
  • All of the above
  • Rectus capitis posterior minor

    • What is the name of the musculotendinous cuff formed by the tendons of the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis muscles?

    <p>Rotator cuff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for laterally bending the head to the same side?

    <p>Obliquus capitis superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical importance of the suboccipital triangle?

    <p>It contains the vertebral artery and the dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for retracting and rotating the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly?

    <p>Rhomboid major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle elevates ribs 2-5?

    <p>Serratus posterior superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus?

    <p>Latissimus dorsi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The muscle that elevates and rotates the scapula downward to fix it against the thorax is:

    <p>Levator scapulae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle laterally flexes and rotates the head and neck to the same side?

    <p>Splenius capitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is known as the deep intrinsic muscles of the back?

    <p>Erector spinae, Semispinalis, Rotatores longi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime function of the rotator cuff muscles?

    <p>Stabilizing the shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the rotator cuff is most commonly torn?

    <p>Supraspinatus tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a torn rotator cuff potentially lead to?

    <p>Dislocation of the shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the subacromial bursa located?

    <p>Between Supraspinatus tendon and acromion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common condition associated with calcium deposits in the Supraspinatus tendon?

    <p>Calcific tendonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innervation of the Supraspinatus muscle?

    <p>Suprascapular nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about myotomes is correct?

    <p>A myotome is a group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve derived from the same embryological segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct definition of a dermatome?

    <p>A dermatome is an area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between extrinsic and intrinsic back muscles?

    <p>Extrinsic back muscles are superficial, while intrinsic back muscles are deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the rotator cuff is correct?

    <p>The rotator cuff is a group of muscles responsible for the rotation of the shoulder joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is best developed in both the lumbar and cervical regions, but not the thoracic region?

    <p>Intertransversarii</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the levator costarum muscles during unilateral contraction?

    <p>Elevate the ribs, assisting inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group is deep to the semispinalis and arises from the transverse processes, inserting into the spinous processes 2-4 segments above its origin?

    <p>Multifidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During bilateral contraction, which muscle group primarily extends the vertebral column?

    <p>Both rotatores breves and rotatores longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group connects the apices of adjacent spinous processes and is best developed in the cervical region?

    <p>Interspinales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the rotatores breves muscles during unilateral contraction?

    <p>Rotate the neck and trunk to the opposite side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each superficial back muscle to its origin/ insertion

    <p>LATISSIMUS DORSI = O: SP T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 10-12/ I: Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus LEVATOR SCAPULAE = O: TP C1-C4/ I: Superior angle of scapula RHOMBOID MAJOR = O: SP T2-T5/ I: Medial border of scapula below spine Trapezius = O:Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T12/ I:Lateral one-third of the clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each superficial back muscle to its origin/ insertion

    <p>SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR = O: SP C7-T3/ I: Superior borders of ribs 2-5 lateral to their angles SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR = O: SP T11-L2/ I:Inferior border of ribs 9-12 lateral to their angles N/A = N/A RHOMBOID MINOR = O:Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T1/ I: Medial border of scapula at spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each superficial back muscle to its action

    <p>TRAPEZIUS = Elevates scapula, retracts (adducts) scapula, depresses scapula, rotates the scapula upward, stabilizes scapula LATISSIMUS DORSI = Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus LEVATOR SCAPULAE = Elevates and rotates scapula downward, fixes scapula against thorax RHOMBOID MAJOR/RHOMBOID MINOR = Retracts and rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each extrinsic back muscle to its action

    <p>SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR = Elevates ribs 2-5 SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR = Depresses ribs 9-12 N/A = N/A N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each extrinsic back muscle to its innervation

    <p>TRAPEZIUS = Spinal accessory n. (CN XI)/ Ventral rami of C3 and C4 LATISSIMUS DORSI = Thoracodorsal n. (also middle subscapular n. ) LEVATOR SCAPULAE/RHOMBOID MAJOR/RHOMBOID MINOR = Dorsal scapular n. SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR = Anterior rami T9-T12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each intrinsic back muscle to its origin/ insertion

    <p>SPLENIUS CERVICIS = O: Spinous processes of T3- T6/ I:TP C1-C4 Erector Spinae (Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis) Origin = O: Median sacral crest, posterior surface sacrum, SP L and lower T, medial part of iliac crest Erector Spinae (Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis) = I (Spinalis): SP of T and C; I (Longissimus):Between tubercles and angles of ribs and TP of T and C; I (Iliocostalis):Angles of lower ribs and TP of C SPLENIUS CAPITIS = O: Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T4/ I:Mastoid process, lateral one-third of superior nuchal line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each intrinsic muscle of the back to its action

    <p>SPLENIUS CERVICIS = Unilateral-laterally flexes and rotates the head to same side Bilateral-extends head and neck Erector Spinae (Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis) = Unilateral-laterally flexes VT to same side Bilateral-extends VT and head, stabilizes VT N/A = N/A SPLENIUS CAPITIS = Unilateral-laterally flexes and rotates the head and neck to same side Bilateral-extends head and neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each intrinsic muscle of the back to its innervation

    <p>SPLENIUS CAPITIS = Posterior rami of middle cervical region SPLENIUS CERVICIS = Posterior rami of lower cervical region Erector Spinae (Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis) = Posterior rami of lower cervical nerves N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each suboccipital triangle muscle to its origin/ insertion

    <p>RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR = O:Spinous process of the axis (C2)/ I:Occipital bone just inferior to the inferior nuchal line Occipital bone just inferior to the inferior nuchal line RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR = O: Posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)/ I: Occipital bone just inferior to the inferior nuchal line and medial to Rectus capitis posterior major OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR = O: Spinous process of the axis (C2)/ I:Tip of the transverse process of the atlas (C1) OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR = O:Tip of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)/ I: Occipital bone between the inferior and superior nuchal lines, superficial and superior to the insertion of Rectus capitis posterior major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each suboccipital triangle muscle with its action

    <p>RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MINOR = Extends head OBLIQUUS CAPITIS INFERIOR = Rotates atlas (therefore, the head) on the same side OBLIQUUS CAPITIS SUPERIOR = Unilateral Contraction: Laterally bends head to the same side Bilateral Contraction: Extends head RECTUS CAPITIS POSTERIOR MAJOR = Unilateral Contraction: Rotates the head to the ipsilateral side Bilateral Contraction: Extends the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each rotator cuff muscle to its origin/ insertion

    <p>SUPRASPINATUS = O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula/ I:Superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus INFRASPINATUS = O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula/ I:Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus TERES MINOR = O: Lateral border of the scapula/ I: Inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus SUBSCAPULARIS = O: Subscapular fossa/ I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Suboccipital Triangle

    • Boundaries: Superior (Rectus capitis posterior major), Medially (Rectus capitis posterior major), Superior and Laterally (Obliquus capitis superior), Inferior and Laterally (Obliquus capitis inferior)
    • Floor: Posterior atlantooccipital membrane and posterior arch of the atlas (C1)
    • Roof: Semispinalis capitis
    • Contains: Vertebral artery and dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

    Muscles of the Suboccipital Triangle

    • Rectus capitis posterior major:
      • Origin: Spinous process of the axis (C2)
      • Insertion: Occipital bone just inferior to the inferior nuchal line
      • Actions: Unilateral contraction: Rotates the head to the ipsilateral side; Bilateral contraction: Extends the head
      • Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
    • Rectus capitis posterior minor:
      • Origin: Posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)
      • Insertion: Occipital bone just inferior to the inferior nuchal line and medial to Rectus capitis posterior major
      • Actions: Extends the head
      • Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
    • Obliquus capitis inferior:
      • Origin: Spinous process of the axis (C2)
      • Insertion: Tip of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)
      • Actions: Rotates the atlas (therefore, the head) on the same side
      • Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
    • Obliquus capitis superior:
      • Origin: Tip of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)
      • Insertion: Occipital bone between the inferior and superior nuchal lines, superficial and superior to the insertion of Rectus capitis posterior major
      • Actions: Unilateral contraction: Laterally bends the head to the same side; Bilateral contraction: Extends the head
      • Innervation: Dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

    Rotator (Musculotendinous) Cuff

    • Formed by the tendons of the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis (SITS) muscles
    • Innervation: Ventral rami of C3 and C4
    • Function: Stabilizes the shoulder joint and holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

    Intrinsic Muscles of the Back

    • Superficial and Intermediate Group:
      • Erector Spinae (Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis)
        • Origin: Median sacral crest, posterior surface of the sacrum, and SP of L and lower T
        • Insertion: Between tubercles and angles of ribs and TP of T and C
        • Actions: Extends, rotates, and stabilizes the vertebral column
        • Innervation: Posterior rami of lower cervical nerves
      • Spleinus capitis:
        • Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T4
        • Insertion: Mastoid process, lateral one-third of superior nuchal line
        • Actions: Unilateral contraction: Laterally flexes and rotates the head and neck to the same side; Bilateral contraction: Extends the head and neck
        • Innervation: Posterior rami of middle cervical region
      • Spleinus cervicis:
        • Origin: SP C1-C4
        • Insertion: TP C1-C4
        • Actions: Unilateral contraction: Laterally flexes and rotates the head and neck to the same side; Bilateral contraction: Extends the head and neck
        • Innervation: Posterior rami of lower cervical region
    • Deep Group:
      • Semispinalis:
        • Origin: Deep to erector spinae
        • Insertion: Semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis
        • Actions: Extends and rotates the vertebral column
      • Rotatores:
        • Long rotators (11 pairs):
          • Origin: Transverse processes
          • Insertion: Spinous processes two vertebrae above
          • Actions: Rotate the vertebral column
        • Short rotators (11 pairs):
          • Origin: Transverse processes
          • Insertion: Spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae
          • Actions: Rotate the vertebral column
      • Multifidus:
        • Origin: Transverse processes
        • Insertion: Spinous processes 2-4 segments above
        • Actions: Unilateral contraction: Rotates the neck and trunk to the opposite side; Bilateral contraction: Extends the vertebral column

    Fascia of the Back

    • Superficial layer:
      • Divided into two layers: a superficial layer and a deep layer
    • Deep layer:
      • Thoracolumbar fascia
      • Found in the thoracic region

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Superficial Back & Shoulder Muscles PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the learning objectives of the Back & Shoulder Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) program. Questions cover topics like extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the back, dermatome, myotome, cutaneous innervation, and more.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser