Bacillus anthracis Flashcards
17 Questions
102 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the disease name associated with Bacillus anthracis?

  • Influenza
  • Tuberculosis
  • Anthrax (correct)
  • Malaria

What domain classification does Bacillus anthracis fall under?

  • Plantae
  • Fungi
  • Animalia
  • Bacteria (correct)

Bacillus anthracis is a prokaryotic organism.

True (A)

What is the morphology of Bacillus anthracis when stained?

<p>Gram positive, rod (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacillus anthracis produces spores.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is Bacillus anthracis motile?

<p>Nonmotile</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of oxygen requirements does Bacillus anthracis have?

<p>Aerobic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the distinguishing features of Bacillus anthracis?

<p>All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered high risk individuals for Bacillus anthracis exposure?

<p>Veterinarians, livestock producers, travelers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does Bacillus anthracis commonly occur geographically?

<p>Worldwide, Central and South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central and southwest Asia, South and East Europe, Caribbean</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the parts of the body infected by Bacillus anthracis?

<p>Skin, lungs, gastrointestinal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the portals of entry for Bacillus anthracis?

<p>Both A and B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period for Bacillus anthracis?

<p>Within 1 week of exposure, may prolong up to 2 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacillus anthracis is contagious.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are serious complications of Bacillus anthracis infection?

<p>Severe illness and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic methods are used for identifying Bacillus anthracis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What preventive measures are effective against Bacillus anthracis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anthrax cause

Caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.

Anthrax type - cutaneous

Anthrax infection affecting the skin.

Anthrax type - gastrointestinal

Anthrax infection of the digestive system.

Anthrax type - inhalation

Anthrax infection affecting the lungs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax type - injection

Anthrax infection from drug use.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax bacteria shape

Rod-shaped under a microscope.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax spore function

Makes the bacteria durable and resistant.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax motility

Anthrax bacteria cannot move independently.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax oxygen need

Requires oxygen (aerobic).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax reservoir

Domesticated and wild animals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax transmission - inhalation

Infection by inhaling spores.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax transmission - ingestion

Infection by eating contaminated food/water.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax transmission - open wound

Infection through open skin wounds.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax transmission - meat consumption

Infection through eating raw/undercooked meat.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax is contagious?

Not contagious between humans.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anthrax diagnostic tool - X-rays

Used to analyze the chest for infections.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Disease Overview

  • Anthrax is the disease caused by Bacillus anthracis.
  • It is classified as a bacterial disease.

Biological Classification

  • Bacillus anthracis is a prokaryotic organism.
  • It is gram-positive and appears as rod-shaped under a microscope.

Sporulation and Motility

  • Bacillus anthracis forms spores, known as anthrax spores, which contribute to its durability.
  • The bacterium is nonmotile and does not have the ability to move independently.

Oxygen Requirements

  • This bacterium is aerobic, requiring oxygen for its survival and growth.

Types of Anthrax

  • There are four primary forms of anthrax infection:
    • Cutaneous anthrax (skin)
    • Gastrointestinal anthrax (digestive system)
    • Inhalation anthrax (lungs)
    • Injection anthrax (from drug use)

Pathogenic Impact

  • Bacillus anthracis primarily affects domestic and wild animals across various regions globally.

Geographic Distribution

  • Anthrax cases are observed worldwide, especially in:
    • Central and South America
    • Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Central and Southwest Asia
    • Southern and Eastern Europe
    • Caribbean regions

At-Risk Populations

  • Individuals at higher risk of anthrax exposure include:
    • Veterinarians
    • Livestock producers
    • Travelers to endemic areas

Reservoir for Infection

  • The primary reservoirs for Bacillus anthracis are domesticated and wild animals, including:
    • Cattle
    • Sheep
    • Goats
    • Antelope
    • Deer

Infection Sites

  • Bacillus anthracis can infect the following areas of the host body:
    • Skin (cutaneous)
    • Lungs (inhalation)
    • Gastrointestinal system (digestive tract)

Transmission Methods

  • Transmission occurs through:
    • Inhalation of spores
    • Ingestion of contaminated food or water
    • Entry via open wounds
    • Consumption of raw or undercooked meat

Portals of Entry

  • The main entry points for the bacteria into the host are:
    • Lungs during inhalation
    • Open skin wounds

Incubation and Illness

  • The incubation period is typically within one week of exposure but may extend up to two months.
  • No specific definition was provided for the period of illness.

Contagiousness

  • Anthrax is not contagious between humans.

Complications

  • Severe illness and death can occur as serious complications from anthrax infections.

Diagnostic Techniques

  • Diagnosing anthrax may involve:
    • Chest X-rays or CT scans
    • Blood samples
    • Swabs of skin lesions
    • Spinal fluid analysis
    • Respiratory secretions testing

Preventive Measures

  • Prevention strategies include the use of:
    • Antibiotics
    • Antitoxin treatments
    • Vaccination against anthrax

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Test your knowledge on Bacillus anthracis with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential information including disease name, classification, and characteristics of this bacterium. Perfect for students studying microbiology or infectious diseases.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser