Questions and Answers
What is the phylum of this whole unit?
Chordata
What is the subphylum of fish, amphibians, people, and everything with a spine?
Vertebrata
What is the class of lampreys?
Petromyzontida
What is the shape of the scales belonging to Chondrichthyes?
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What is the shape of the scales belonging to nonteleost bony fish?
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What is the shape of the scales belonging to teleost bony fish?
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What is the fin shape of sharks and sturgeon?
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What is the fin shape of lampreys, lungfish, and coelacanths?
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What is the fin shape of perch and most fish?
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What is the class of skates, rays, and sharks?
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What is the class of ray-finned fish?
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What is the subphylum of lancelets?
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What is the class of frogs?
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What is the order of salamanders?
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What is the order of caecilians?
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What is the order of frogs?
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What is the class of snakes?
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What is the order of lizards and snakes?
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What is the order of turtles?
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What is the order of crocodiles?
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What is the class of birds?
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What is the class of people?
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What is the infraclass of the platypus?
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What is the infraclass of opossums?
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What is the infraclass of rodents, whales, bats, etc.?
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What is a common name animal to know from Metatheria?
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What are common name animals to know from Eutheria?
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Study Notes
Phylum and Subphylum
- Chordata encompasses all vertebrate life forms, characterized by the presence of a notochord at some stage.
- Vertebrata includes fish, amphibians, mammals, and reptiles, identified by having a backbone or spine.
Classes of Animals
- Petromyzontida refers to the class of jawless fish, including lampreys, known for their parasitic behaviors.
- Chondrichthyes includes cartilaginous fish like skates, rays, and sharks, distinguished from bony fish.
- Actinopterygii represents ray-finned fish, the largest class of vertebrates in terms of number of species.
- Amphibia is the class encompassing frogs, toads, and salamanders, adapted for both aquatic and terrestrial environments.
- Reptilia includes snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles, characterized by their scaly skin and in most cases, oviparous reproduction.
- Aves is the class of birds, characterized by feathers, beaks, and the laying of hard-shelled eggs.
- Mammalia is the class that includes all mammals, characterized by mammary glands and the presence of hair or fur.
Orders within Classes
- Caudata refers to the order of salamanders, which are known for their unique regeneration abilities.
- Apoda includes caecilians, a group of limbless amphibians that are often burrowing.
- Anura is the order of frogs and toads, known for their jumping abilities and vocalization.
- Squamata encompasses lizards and snakes, known for their scaly bodies and ectothermy.
- Testudines includes turtles, characterized by their bony shells for protection.
- Crocodilia covers crocodiles and alligators, known for their semi-aquatic lifestyles and parental care.
Fin and Scale Adaptations
- Placoid scales, shaped like teeth, are found on Chondrichthyes, providing a rough texture and protection.
- Ganoid scales exhibit a diamond shape and are typical of some non-teleost bony fishes.
- Cycloid and ctenoid scales are flexible and round, characteristic of most teleost bony fishes.
- Heterocercal fins are V-shaped, commonly seen in sharks and sturgeon.
- Diphycercal fins have a diamond or oval shape, found in lampreys, lungfish, and coelacanths.
- Homocercal fins, which are typically what is envisioned as fish tails, are present in perch and most bony fish.
Infraclasses and Common Names
- Ornithodelphia refers to the infraclass containing the platypus, a monotreme known for egg-laying.
- Metatheria includes marsupials, represented commonly by the Virginia opossum.
- Eutheria refers to placental mammals, encompassing diverse animals like fox squirrels, kangaroo rats, and striped skunks.
Common Eutheria Animals
- Examples include:
- Fox squirrel
- Kangaroo rat
- Pocket gopher
- Muskrat
- Striped skunk
- Raccoon
- Nine-banded armadillo
- Brazilian free-tailed bat
- Pallid bat
- Eastern cottontail
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Chordata phylum with these flashcards. This quiz covers key classifications within the phylum, including vertebrates, lampreys, and types of scales. Perfect for biology enthusiasts looking to reinforce their learning!
