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Questions and Answers
What is a defining characteristic of chordates?
Which phylum includes vertebrates?
Which subphylum includes tunicates and sea-squirts?
What is the first part of the endoskeleton to appear during embryonic development in chordates?
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What structure acts as an axis for muscle attachment in most vertebrates?
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In most invertebrate phyla, where is the nerve cord located?
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What is the function of the pharyngeal slits in lower vertebrates?
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What does the endostyle secrete to trap small food particles coming in from the mouth?
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In most vertebrates, what does the endostyle develop into?
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What is the function of the post-anal tail in larvae during their free-swimming stages?
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What is the common name for the Urochordata class Ascidiacea?
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What is the most diverse and common class within the subphylum Urochordata?
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What do ascidians forcefully discharge from the excurrent siphon when irritated?
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What are most ascidians attached to as adults?
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What is the body shape of thalacians (salps)?
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What are the common characteristics of most Urochordata species as adults?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Chordates
- A defining characteristic of chordates is the presence of a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some stage in their lives.
Phylum and Subphylum
- The phylum that includes vertebrates is Chordata.
- The subphylum that includes tunicates and sea-squirts is Urochordata.
Embryonic Development
- The notochord is the first part of the endoskeleton to appear during embryonic development in chordates.
Vertebrate Characteristics
- In most vertebrates, the vertebrae act as an axis for muscle attachment.
Invertebrate Characteristics
- In most invertebrate phyla, the nerve cord is located ventrally.
Pharyngeal Slits
- The function of pharyngeal slits in lower vertebrates is to allow for the passage of water, which helps in filter feeding.
- The endostyle secretes mucus to trap small food particles coming in from the mouth.
- In most vertebrates, the endostyle develops into the thyroid gland.
Urochordata Characteristics
- The function of the post-anal tail in larvae during their free-swimming stages is to aid in movement.
Ascidians
- The common name for the Urochordata class Ascidiacea is sea-squirts or tunicates.
- The most diverse and common class within the subphylum Urochordata is Ascidiacea.
- Ascidians forcefully discharge waste and water from the excurrent siphon when irritated.
- Most ascidians are attached to rocks or other surfaces as adults.
Thaliacians (Salps)
- Thalacians, also known as salps, have a barrel-shaped body.
Urochordata Species
- The common characteristics of most Urochordata species as adults include being sessile, filter feeders, and having a sac-like body.
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Description
Test your knowledge of chordates and the phylum Chordata with this quiz that covers the organisation of life, animal classification, terminology, and the subphyla of Chordata. Learn about Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata and their significance in the study of vertebrates.
