Questions and Answers
Where do B cells come from in the human body?
What is unique about the daughter cells of B cells in the bone marrow?
What is the function of the receptor on B cells?
What is the thymus responsible for in the human body?
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Why is the receptor on each B cell unique?
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What is the result of the unique receptor on each B cell?
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What is the location of the thymus in the human body?
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What is similar between the development of B cells and T cells?
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What happens to the selected B and T cells after they are alerted to the infection?
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What is the main purpose of memory cells?
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What happens to the receptors of the descendants of the selected B and T cells?
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What is the name of the theory that describes this process of selecting and replicating B and T cells?
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Where do the B and T cells meet the bacteria that are infecting the skin?
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What do the B cells do to attack the bacterium?
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What is unique to each T cell?
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Where do B cells and T cells migrate to after they are ready?
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What is the result of the clonal selection process?
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Why do we create memory cells?
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What is the primary function of dendritic cells?
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Why do T cells need antigen-presenting cells to recognize pathogens?
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What is the purpose of the receptors on B cells and T cells?
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Where do B cells and T cells recognize and react to pathogens?
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What is the result of the interaction between an antigen-presenting cell and a T cell?
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Why are B cells and T cells created randomly?
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What is the role of MHC proteins on dendritic cells?
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How do B cells recognize pathogens?
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Study Notes
Development of B and T Cells
- B cells originate from the bone marrow, where they undergo a unique process of development, resulting in genetically different daughter cells with unique receptors.
- Each B cell receptor is specific to a particular pathogen, making it useless against other pathogens.
- A similar process occurs in the thymus for T cells, where they develop unique receptors that identify specific pathogens.
Maturation and Migration
- Once developed, B and T cells migrate to lymph nodes, where they wait for their specific pathogen to appear.
- Lymph nodes are located throughout the body, with around 600 in total.
- B and T cells lie in wait, each with their unique receptors, ready to react to their specific pathogen.
Infection and Activation
- When a tissue becomes infected, dendritic cells ingest bacteria and present pieces of them to B and T cells in the lymph node.
- The specific B and T cells that recognize the pathogen are alerted and bind to the presented antigen.
- These cells then activate, replicating rapidly to produce an army of cells with the same receptor.
Clonal Selection
- The process of selecting and replicating specific B and T cells is called clonal selection.
- Activated B cells produce antibodies to attack the pathogen, while T cells travel to the site of infection to join the battle.
- Some activated cells become memory cells, waiting for the next time the pathogen appears, while others become effector cells, ready to fight the infection immediately.
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Description
Learn about the origin of B cells in the bone marrow and their role in fighting infections. This overview covers the unique process of B cell preparation in the human body.